提升养殖鱼类n-3高不饱和脂肪酸含量的综合策略  

Comprehensive Strategies for Increasing n⁃3 Highly Unsaturated Fatty Acids Content in Farmed Fish

作　　者：和子杰 谢帝芝 聂国兴 HE Zijie;XIE Dizhi;NIE Guoxing(College of Fisheries,Henan Normal University,Xinxiang 453007,China;College of Marine Sciences,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学水产学院,新乡453007 [2]华南农业大学海洋学院,广州510000

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2020年第11期5089-5104,共16页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31602176);广东省台山市鳗鱼产业园科技服务项目(h2019336)。

摘　　要：n-3高不饱和脂肪酸(HUFA)在促进神经和生殖发育,以及防治心脑血管疾病、炎症和代谢紊乱等方面具有重要生理功能。随着野生渔业资源的下降,水产配合饲料中植物蛋白和油脂的添加比例越来越高,导致养殖鱼类n-3 HUFA含量显著下降,影响人类的消费。近年来,为了降低植物蛋白和油脂替代鱼粉和鱼油对养殖鱼类n-3 HUFA含量的负面影响,水产科技工作者做了大量研究。为此,本文从营养素策略、微藻类的应用、功能性饲料添加剂、新品种选育和基因工程等方面,对提升养殖鱼类n-3 HUFA含量的技术手段予以简要综述,以期为提高养殖鱼类营养品质提供参考资料,为水产养殖业的提质增效奠定基础。n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids(HUFA)have important physiological functions in promoting neural and reproductive development,as well as preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,inflammation and metabolic disorders. With the limited supply of wild fishery resources,the proportion of plant protein and oil in aquatic compound feeds is getting higher and higher,which results in a significant decrease in n-3 HUFA content of farmed fish. In recent years,to reduce and eliminate the negative effects of plant diets on fish n-3 HUFA content,researchers have done a lot of relevant works. To this end,this article briefly reviewed the study methods for improving n-3 HUFA content in farmed fish from the aspects of nutrition strategy,application of microalgae,functional feed additives,breed selection,and genetic engineering,in hopes of providing a reference for further study on enhancing the nutritional quality of farmed fish,and laying the foundation of improving the quality and efficiency of the aquaculture.

关 键 词：n-3高不饱和脂肪酸 营养策略 微藻类的应用 功能性饲料添加剂 品种选育 基因工程 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]