5种植物源农药对苹果斑点落叶病的防效评价  

Evaluation the control effects of five botanical fungicides on apple Alternaria leaf spot(Alternaria mali)

作　　者：赵国康 李焰 张树武 徐秉良 刘佳 ZHAO Guokang;LI Yan;ZHANG Shuwu;XU Bingliang;LIU Jia(College of Plant Protection,Gansu Agricultural University,Gansu Provincial Crop and Pest Biological Control Engineering Laboratory,Lanzhou 730070)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学植物保护学院,甘肃省农作物病虫害生物防治工程实验室,兰州730070

出　　处：《中国果树》2020年第5期46-49,共4页China Fruits

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0201100);甘肃省国际科技合作专项(1604WKCA010);甘肃省农牧厅生物技术专项(GNSW2013-19)。

摘　　要：采用菌落生长速率法和离体叶片刺伤法,测定了5种植物源农药对苹果斑点落叶病菌的室内生长抑制活性及防治效果。结果表明:0.3%丁子香酚可溶液剂对苹果斑点落叶病菌菌落生长抑制效果最好,EC50为1.18μg/mL;20%乙蒜素乳油和5%香芹酚水剂次之,EC50分别为4.86、5.56μg/mL;1.3%苦参碱水剂最差,EC50为7.97μg/mL。离体叶片保护试验表明,当5%香芹酚水剂浓度为12.50μg/mL时,对接种病原菌离体叶片的保护作用最佳,病斑面积仅为19.63mm2,而对照病斑面积为284.69mm2。因此,0.3%丁子香酚可溶液剂是抑制苹果斑点落叶病菌菌落生长的最佳药剂,5%香芹酚水剂是离体叶片保护的最佳药剂。The inhibitory and controlling effects of five kinds of botanical fungicides on the pathogen of Alternaria mali was determined by the method of colony growth and leaf stabbing.The results showed that 0.3%eugenol SL presented the best inhibitory effect on the colony growth of Alternaria mali,and EC50 value was 1.18μg/m L,followed by 20%allicin EC and 5%carvol AS,EC50 value was 4.86μg/m L and 5.56μg/m L,respectively.However,the botanical fungicide of 1.3%matrine AS presented the lowest inhibitory effect on the colony growth of Alternaria mali,and the EC50 value was 7.97μg/m L.The protective effect of 5%carvol AS was the best when the concentration was 12.50μg/m L.Therefore,0.3%eugenol SL can be used as the best fungicide to inhibit the growth of apple leaf spot pathogen colony,and 5%carvol AS can be used as the best fungicide to protect the leaves in vitro.

关 键 词：植物源农药 苹果斑点落叶病 抑菌 防效 

分 类 号：S436.661.19[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]