加拿大体育战略演进的历程、特征与启示  

Evolution Process,Characteristics and Enlightenment of Canadian Sports Strategy

作　　者：白银龙 舒盛芳[1] BAI Yinlong;SHU Shengfang(School of Physical Education and Training,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;College of Physical Education,Yuxi Normal University,Yuxi 653100,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院体育教育训练学院,上海200438 [2]玉溪师范学院体育学院,云南玉溪653100

出　　处：《沈阳体育学院学报》2020年第6期9-17,共9页Journal of Shenyang Sport University

基　　金：上海市哲学社会科学规划一般课题“以人民为中心的价值取向下体育强国建设基本内涵和实现路径研究”(2018BTY004)。

摘　　要：运用文献资料、历史分析等方法,从国家历史演进的视角对加拿大体育战略进行分析。研究认为:加拿大体育战略演进历程分为脱英独立探索期、竞技体育兴起期、竞技体育强化期和人本体育复归期4个阶段,经历了“普及”为中心、“提高”为中心、“金牌至上”“普及”和“提高”并重的转变。战略演进特征主要为:战略主体从单一向多元转变;战略选择立足于国情和发展实际;战略措施注重以立法的形式推动战略实施;战略亮点体现为重视不同群体体育权利的保障;战略缺陷是特定时期过度追求竞技体育的政治价值。提出结合新时代我国基本国情制定体育战略;体育战略实施要全面推进法治建设;保障不同群体的体育权利公平;推进政府职能转变和放管服改革。By using literature,historical analysis and other methods,the Canadian sports strategy is analyzed from the perspective of national historical evolution.The study believes that the evolution of Canadian sports strategy can be divided into four stages:the period of independent exploration from Britain,the period of competitive sports rising,the period of competitive sports strengthening and the period of people-oriented sports returning.It has experienced the transformation of“popularization”as the center,“improvement”as the center,“gold medal first”,“popularization”and“improvement”.The main characteristics of the strategy evolution are as follows:the main body of the strategy changes from single to multiple;the strategy selection is based on the national conditions and development reality;the strategic measures focus on promoting the implementation of the strategy in the form of legislation;the highlight of the strategy is to attach importance to the protection of sports rights of different groups;the strategic defect is the excessive pursuit of the political value of competitive sports in a specific period.This paper puts forward that sports strategy should be formulated in combination with the basic national conditions of our country in the new era.Sports strategy should be implemented in an all-round way to promote the construction of the rule of law.The equality of sports rights of different groups should be ensured.The transformation of government functions and the reform of deregulation and service should be promoted.

关 键 词：加拿大 体育战略 演进历程 特征 

分 类 号：G80-053[文化科学—运动人体科学]