从女性主义看《琵琶记》中的赵五娘  

An Analysis of Zhao Wuniang in The Story of Pipa from the Pespective of Feminism

作　　者：谯宜雪 QIAO Yixue(Faculty of Humanities,Kunming University,Kunming 650217,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明学院人文学院,云南昆明650217

出　　处：《昆明冶金高等专科学校学报》2020年第4期87-91,共5页Journal of Kunming Metallurgy College

基　　金：2020年云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目:从女性主义比较赵五娘和孟丽君的形象(2020Y0456)。

摘　　要：《琵琶记》一经面世,女主人公赵五娘便以“贤妻”“孝妇”“节妇”的形象被封建社会主流文化用作了教化女性的工具而获得广泛传播。在赵五娘的形象背后,隐藏的是封建伦理道德控制下的男权社会对女性的压迫与奴役,以及由此暴露出的社会集体心理扭曲。西蒙娜·德·波伏娃在《第二性》中阐述了关于女性形成的理论。将这个理论置于中国古代男权社会大背景下,发现从《琵琶记》中的赵五娘演变至社会集体意识中赵五娘的过程,是一个从具有生理意义的人演变为一种具有社会意义的文化符号的过程,这个文化符号即是“完美女性”。赵五娘作为一个“完美女性”,她的遭遇能让我们深刻反思由古至今的性别平权问题。As soon as The Story of Pipa was published,the heroine Zhao Wuniang was widely disseminated as a tool to educate women in the mainstream culture of feudal society,with the images of“virtuous wife”,“filial woman”and“chaste woman”.Behind Zhao Wuniang's personal image,it's the oppression and enslavement of women by the patriarchal society under the control of feudal ethics and morality,as well as the collective psychological distortion of the society exposed from.Simone de Beauvoir expounded the theory of women's formation in The Second Sex.Putting this theory under the background of the patriarchal society in ancient China,we will find that the process from Zhao Wuniang in The Story of Pipa to Zhao Wuniang with social collective consciousness is a process from a person with physiological significance to a cultural symbol with social significance,the cultural symbol is the“perfect women”.Zhao Wuniang,as a“perfect woman”,her experience makes us reflect deeply on the issue of gender equality since ancient times.

关 键 词：《琵琶记》 赵五娘 封建伦理道德 女性主义 《第二性》 

分 类 号：I207.37[文学—中国文学]