重庆市46种木本园林植物不同生长型对开花物候的效应  

Effects of Different Growth Forms on Flowering Phenology of 46 Woody Garden Plants in Chongqing

作　　者：王雷 李玲莉 王海洋[1] 陈红[1] WANGLei;LI Ling-li;WANG Hai-yang;CHENHong(School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Chongqing Landscape and Gardening Research Institute,Chongqing 401329,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学园艺园林学院,重庆400715 [2]重庆市风景园林科学研究院,重庆401329

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第11期86-94,共9页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：重庆市科学技术局基金项目(cstc2018jscx-mszdX0069).

摘　　要：通过研究重庆市主城区木本园林植物不同生长型与其开花物候(包括始花期、盛花期和开花持续时间)的生态关系,探讨其生态关联与花形态特征的可能机制,以期为园林植物研究和景观设计作参考.记录了重庆市主城区46种木本园林植物开花物候与花形态特征数据(包括始花期、盛花期、开花持续时间、花朵直径与花朵颜色等),并对记录数据与植物生长型进行了相关性分析和单因素方差分析,检验了它们之间的关联.结果表明:①生长型与盛花期之间、与开花持续时间之间的相关性具有统计学意义,表现为乔木盛花期比灌木的早大约1个月,乔木开花持续时间较灌木开花持续时间短;②生长型与始花期不具有统计学意义的相关性;③生长型与花朵直径的相关性具有统计学意义,但是与花朵颜色不具有统计学意义的相关性.始花期并未受到不同生长型的影响,但是开花持续时间与盛花期明显受到了不同生长型的影响,其形成可能机制与花的大小有关,也可能由于传粉媒介、应对害虫的策略、对日照长度的反应等方面的不同所导致,但不受花色的影响.In a research reported in this paper,the flowering phenology and flower morphological features(including first-flowering date,full-bloom stage,flowering duration,flower diameter and flower color)of 46 woody garden plants in Chongqing urban area were investigated,and correlation analysis and one-way ANOVA were made to examine the relationship between them,so as to understand the ecological relationship between different growth forms and flowering phenology and the possible mechanisms between the ecological relationship and flower morphological features.The results showed that growth form was in a significant correlation with full-bloom stage and flowering duration,the full-bloom stage of trees occurring about 1 month earlier than that of shrubs,and the flowering duration of trees being shorter than that of shrubs;that there was no significant correlation between growth form and first-flowering date;and that growth form was significantly correlated with flower diameter,but no significant correlation existed between growth form and flower color.In conclusion,first-flowering date is not affected by different growth forms,but flowering duration and full-bloom stage are significantly influenced by them.Its forming mechanism may be related to flower diameter,or to pollinators,strategies of pest management,response to duration of day,and others,but has nothing to do with flower color.

关 键 词：开花物候 花形态特征 生长型 园林植物 木本植物 

分 类 号：S688.9[农业科学—观赏园艺]