31份枣资源19个性状的多元统计分析  

Multivariate Statistical Analysis of 19 Characters of 31 Jujube Resources

作　　者：吴硕[1] 贾彦丽[1] 智福军[1] 魏薇 WU Shuo;JIA Yan-li;ZHI Fu-jun;WEI Wei(Shijiazhuang Institute of Pomology,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050061,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院石家庄果树研究所,河北石家庄050061

出　　处：《河北农业科学》2020年第5期56-62,70,共8页Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河北省农林科学院青年基金项目“枣主要农艺性状与裂果性状的相关性研究”(2018100101)。

摘　　要：裂果是目前制约河北省枣产业发展的瓶颈之一。为降低裂果发生,选育抗裂品种势在必行。而综合评价资源是育种的基础,因此本研究对生产中较为常见的31份枣资源的叶、果、果肉质地等共计19个性状进行统计,并分析了各性状之间的相关性和主成分,综合评价了枣试材间的差异。结果表明:晋赞的叶片长度、叶柄长度和叶绿素含量最高;晋矮3、赞晶和金昌一号的果个和单果重明显较大,宝葫芦和葫芦长红的指标值最小;圆铃枣和赞优3的可溶性固形物含量和可滴定酸含量明显较高;晋矮3、赞晶和灵宝大枣的粘附性、内聚性、弹性、胶黏性和咀嚼性明显较高,果肉质密,耐咀嚼;而宝葫芦、葫芦长红和晋矮2的各个数值明显较低,果肉较为酥脆。性状相关性分析显示,叶片长度与叶柄长度,单果重、果实纵径、果实横径、粘附性、弹性、胶黏性和咀嚼性均呈极显著正相关;叶片长度与叶片宽度,叶片长度与果实纵径,叶片宽度与果实的粘附性和胶黏性,叶柄长度与裂果率,果实胶黏性与果皮硬度,果皮硬度与果肉硬度均呈显著正相关;果实纵径、果实可溶性固形物含量和可滴定酸含量之间呈显著负相关。主成分分析将19个性状简化为5个主成分,累积方差贡献率达到74.073%。Fruit cracking is one of the bottlenecks restricting the development of jujube industry in Hebei Province.In order to reduce the occurrence of fruit cracking,it is imperative to select varieties with resistance to fruit cracking.The comprehensive evaluation of resources is the basis of breeding.Therefore,the statistics on 19 characters of 31 jujube resources were made,the correlation and principal components among these characters were analyzed,and the differences among materials tested were comprehensively evaluated.The results showed that the leaf length,petiole length and chlorophyll content of Jinzan were the highest.The fruit size and single fruit weight of Jinai 3,Zanjing and Jinchangyihao were significantly larger,while those of Baohulu and Huluchanghong were the least.The soluble solid content and titratable acid content of Yuanling Zao and Zanyou 3 were significantly higher.The adhesiveness,cohesiveness,elasticity,stickiness and chewability of Jinai 3,Zanjing and Lingbaodazao were higher,while those of Baohulu,Huluchanghong and Jinai 2 were lower,so the pulp was crispy.The correlation analysis showed that there was a very significant positive correlation between leaf length and petiole length,and among single fruit weight fruit vertical diameter,fruit horizontal diameter,adhesiveness,elasticity,stickiness and mastication.There was a significant positive correlation between leaf length and leaf width,leaf length and fruit vertical diameter,petiole length and fruit cracking rate,fruit stickiness and peel hardness,and fruit peel hardness and pulp hardness.There was a significant negative correlation among fruit longitudinal diameter,soluble solid content and titratable acid content.19 characters were simplified into 5 principal components by PCA,and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 74.073%.

关 键 词：枣 质构仪 相关性分析 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]