锌、镉胁迫对4种杂草种子萌发特征的影响  

Effects of Zinc and Cadmium Stresses on the Germination Characteristics of Four Weed Species Seeds

作　　者：吴羽晨 邓小莉 张家洋 毛雪飞 WU Yuchen;DENG Xiaoli;ZHANG Jiayang;MAO Xuefei(School of Science and Technology,Xinxiang University,Xinxiang 453000,China)

机构地区：[1]新乡学院生命科学技术学院,河南新乡453000

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第6期1089-1095,共7页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：河南省农业领域科技攻关项目(162102110028)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨农田中重金属锌(Zn)和镉(Cd)污染对杂草种子萌发指标的影响。【方法】以4种农田杂草种子为试材,比较不同质量浓度锌Zn2+、Cd2+单一胁迫对麦家公(Buglossoides arvense)、麦瓶草(Silence conoidea)、刺儿菜(Cirisum setosum)和播娘蒿(Descurainia sophia)种子一系列萌发指标间的影响。采用隶属函数法综合评价4种农田杂草对重金属Zn、Cd的耐性。【结果】随着Zn2+和Cd2+质量浓度的升高,除麦瓶草的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数在Zn2+质量浓度为50~400 mg/L和Cd2+质量浓度为25~200 mg/L之间时出现一定的波动,表现出低抑制、高刺激的现象外,4种农田杂草种子的各项萌发指标均有不同程度的降低。隶属函数评价表明:4种农田杂草的耐Zn胁迫能力为麦瓶草>刺儿菜>播娘蒿>麦家公;4种农田杂草的耐Cd胁迫能力为刺儿菜>麦瓶草>播娘蒿>麦家公。【结论】麦瓶草对重金属Zn的耐受能力最强,刺儿菜对重金属Cd的耐受能力最强,而麦家公对Zn、Cd的耐受能力均最弱。[Purpose]In order to investigate the effects of heavy metal zinc and cadmium pollution on weed seed germination indicators in farmland soil.[Method]Using 4 species of seeds as test materials,the difference between a series of germination indicators of weeds(Buglossoides arvense,Silence conoidea,Cirisum setosum and Descurainia sophia)were compared under the single stress of zinc(Zn2+)and cadmium(Cd2+).The subordinate function method was used to comprehensively evaluate the tolerance of 4 species of farmland weeds under Zn and Cd stress.[Result]With the increase of Zn2+and Cd2+mass concentration,the germination indicators of the 4 species of weed seeds decreased to different degrees,except for S.conoidea,which showed a certain fluctuations in its germination rate,germination potential and germination index when the Zn2+mass concentration of 50-400 mg/L and Cd2+mass concentration of 25-200 mg/L.According to the comprehensive membership function analysis,the tolerance of 4 species of weeds under the Zn stress was S.conoidea>C.cd setosum>D.sophia>B.arvense,the tolerance of 4 species of weeds under the stress was C.setosum>S.conoidea>D.sophia>B.arvense.[Conclusion]The S.conoidea had the strongest tolerance to heavy metal zinc,C.setosum had the strongest tolerance to heavy metal cadmium.However,B.arvense had the weakest tolerance to both zinc and cadmium.

关 键 词：锌 镉 麦家公 麦瓶草 刺儿菜 播娘蒿 萌发期 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]