基于隧道水平中线的全局断面提取及形变分析  

Global cross section extraction and deformation analysis of tunnels based on their horizontal centerlines

作　　者：徐飞 田茂义[1] 俞家勇 林景峰 周茂伦 李国玉 XU Fei;TIAN Maoyi;YU Jiayong;LIN Jingfeng;ZHOU Maolun;LI Guoyu(College of Geodesy and Geomatics,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao,Shandong 266590,China;Qingdao Xiushan Mobile Survey Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao,Shandong 266590,China)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学测绘科学与工程学院,山东青岛266590 [2]青岛秀山移动测量有限公司,山东青岛266590

出　　处：《岩石力学与工程学报》2020年第11期2296-2307,共12页Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering

基　　金：国家重大仪器设备开发专项–机载双频激光雷达产品开发和应用项目(2013YQ120343);山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程)(2019JZZY010429)。

摘　　要：针对如何使用三维点云数据对隧道进行横断面自动化提取与形变分析这一研究热点,提出一种基于隧道水平中线的横断面信息自动提取及形变分析方法。首先将点云进行水平投影提取出水平中线,考虑到隧道附属物及点云缺失等情况对中线提取精度的影响,采用滑动窗口稳健拟合方法提取出准确中线;然后利用水平中线进行隧道横断面提取并拟合出中轴点;最后依据中轴点及设计值计算隧道各部位的径向位移量,通过可视化渲染即可直观地表述隧道整体变形情况。通过实验表明:(1)随着隧道长度的增加,传统的整体拟合法在拟合隧道中线时误差逐渐增大,而滑动窗口稳健拟合法误差则趋于平稳;(2)滑动窗口稳健拟合法可有效规避障碍物遮挡造成的水平中线偏差;(3)根据空间圆模型拟合出隧道横断面参数后,依据隧道径向位移使用RGB颜色分量对点云进行渲染可较好地反映隧道变形情况,为隧道变形监测工作提供基础依据。Based on the horizontal centerline(HC) of tunnel,an automatic extraction and deformation analysis method of tunnel cross-section information is proposed. Firstly,the point cloud data of tunnels are projected horizontally to extract the horizontal centerline. Considering the influence of the tunnel adjuncts and the absence of point cloud data on the accuracy of the HC extraction,a sliding window robust fitting method is proposed to extract the HC accurately. Then,the cross-section of the tunnel is extracted and the points of the central axis are fitted. Finally,the radial displacement of each part of the tunnel is calculated according to the central axis points and the design values. The overall deformation of the tunnel can be described intuitively through visual rendering. The results show that,with increasing the length of the tunnel,the fitting error of the HC of the tunnel by the traditional global fitting method gradually increases while tends to be stable by the sliding window robust fitting method,and that the sliding window robust fitting method can effectively avoid the horizontal centerline deviation caused by obstacles. After fitting the tunnel cross-sectional parameters according to the space circle model,the RGB color components are used to render the point cloud of the tunnel according to the radial displacement,which can reflect the deformation of the tunnel. The research work provides a basis for tunnel deformation monitoring.

关 键 词：隧道工程 三维点云 中线提取 滑动窗口稳健拟合方法 隧道横断面 变形监测 

分 类 号：U45[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]