铜铅胁迫下水分、温度和施肥对黑麦草富集能力的影响  

Effects of water,temperature and fertilization on accumulation ability of ryegrass under Cu and Pb stress

作　　者：董馨岚 白哲 李铭红[1] 朱剑飞 DONG Xinlan;BAI Zhe;LI Minghong;ZHU Jianfei(Xingzhi College,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321000,China;Institute of Ecology,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学行知学院,金华321000 [2]浙江师范大学生态研究所,金华321000

出　　处：《生态学报》2020年第21期7721-7732,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：浙江省重中之重学科开放基金项目(ZC323016018)。

摘　　要：黑麦草(Lolium perenne L.),是我国南方主要种植牧草之一,对土壤重金属(As、Zn、Cu、Pb、Cd等)具有一定富集效果。通过室内盆栽、正交试验的方法,研究不同水分、温度和施肥条件及其互作对黑麦草在Cu、Pb单一及复合胁迫下耐受性及富集能力的影响。结果表明:(1)在Cu、Pb胁迫下,黑麦草在90%WHC、保证N肥施用时取得最大生物量,其茎叶及根分别在30及25℃时生长积累最大;Cu-Pb复合胁迫使黑麦草地上部分的生长受到抑制。(2)综合分析金属含量及富集系数,90%WHC有利于黑麦草对Cu、Pb的富集,而温度、肥料随黑麦草富集部位及单一、复合金属污染的不同具有最适差异性。(3)黑麦草仅在90%WHC水分、30℃及施NPK肥时,对重金属Pb具有大于1的转运系数,其余各环境因子组合只能在不同程度上小幅改变植物转运系数,即黑麦草对Cu、Pb重金属的转运能力较差。(4)方差分析结果显示,水分和温度可作为对黑麦草Cu、Pb富集能力具有显著影响的单因子,在Cu、Pb单一污染胁迫下,还受到其二因素交互的显著影响;在单一及复合污染中,富集能力均受到与肥料间三因素交互作用的显著影响。综上,运用黑麦草作为修复植物改善土壤Cu、Pb污染状况时,可主要调节水分至90%WHC,并辅以改善温度和施肥条件来优化富集效果。Ryegrass(Lolium perenne L.)is one of the main forages in South China.It has certain accumulation abilities on heavy metals(As,Zn,Cu,Pb,Cd,etc.)in soil.The effects of water,temperature,fertilization and their interaction on the phytoremediation of ryegrass under single and compound pollution of Cu and Pb were studied with orthogonal design methods by indoor pot experiments.The results showed that:(1)under the stress of Cu and Pb,the shoots and roots obtained the maximum biomass at 30 and 25℃respectively with 90%water holding capacity(WHC)and enough N fertilizer application.Under Cu-Pb compound stress,the growth of the upper part of ryegrass was inhibited.(2)Based on the heavy metal concentrations and bioconcentration factor(BCF),90%WHC was beneficial to the accumulation abilities of Cu and Pb in ryegrass.In addition,temperature and fertilization had the different optimal values both in different part of RYEGRASS and various kinds of pollution.(3)The transport coefficient(TF)exceeded 1 only at 90%WHC,30℃and NPK fertilizer application for Pb,while the other combinations of environmental factors could only slightly change the TF in varying degrees,which is to say,ryegrass had a poor transport capacity for Cu and Pb.4)The results of variance analysis showed that water and temperature had a significant effect on the enrichment of Cu and Pb in ryegrass.Under the single stress of Cu and Pb,the accumulation abilities of Cu and Pb in ryegrass were also significantly affected by the interaction of the two factors.Beyond that,the accumulation abilities were also substantially influenced by the interaction of three factors including fertilization under single and compound stress of Cu and Pb.In summary,when ryegrass is used as a remediation plant to remedy soils with Cu and Pb stress,the water content can be adjusted to 90%WHC,and the enrichment effect can be optimized by improving temperature and fertilization application at the same time.

关 键 词：水分 温度 施肥 互作 黑麦草 Cu PB 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X53[农业科学—作物学] S543.6