职业性手外伤致残危险因素分析及其预防措施  

Analysis the risk factors of disabling occupational hand injuries and the preventive measures

作　　者：符传东 林丹茵 丘晓玲 孙思红 冯清 王海文 向丹 FU Chuan-dong;LIN Dan-yin;QIU Xiao-ling;SUN Si-hong;FENG Qing;WANG Hai-wen;XIANG Dan(Guangdong Work Injury Rehabilitation Hospital,Guangzhou 5105159 China)

机构地区：[1]广东省工伤康复医院,广东广州510515

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2020年第6期444-446,共3页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：2018年度广东省残疾人事业单位与实践研究课题(GK20180003);广东省医学科研基金面上项目(A2016095);广东省工伤康复医院院内课题(2016C001-A)。

摘　　要：目的研究分析职业性手外伤致残危险因素,从残疾预防角度提出科学的预防控制措施。方法以在我院进行工伤康复和劳动能力鉴定的150名职业性手外伤患者为研究对象,其中以鉴定伤残等级10级以上的50名患者为研究组,按照1∶2匹配比例,以鉴定未达伤残级别的100名患者为对照组。通过自设问卷统一对研究对象进行调查,采用单因素和logistic回归分析方法比较各种因素对职业性手外伤致残的影响。结果单因素分析组间工龄、文化程度、伤害部位、损伤程度、致伤原因、收入情况和防护用品佩戴因素比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,文化程度高者和使用防护用品者致残危险度低,OR值分别为0.07和0.04;工龄短、伤害部位手指近端、损害程度重者致残危险度高,OR值分别为2.48、2.31和3.48。结论职业性手外伤致残有一定的特征,针对其相关的危险因素应采取相应的预防措施,可望降低职业性手外伤致残发生。Objective To put forward preventive measures scientifically in the perspective of the disability prevention by analyzing the risk factors of disabling occupational hand injuries.Methods 50 patients who were rehabilitated or got grade 10 disability appraisal in a hospital were collected,and another 100 patients under grade10 of disability appraisal as the control group.All of them were required to finish the questionnaire survey,so as to compare the risk factors of disabling occupational hand injuries by univariate analysis and multiple-factor logistic regression analysis.Results There was significant difference between the two groups about working years,level of education,site of injury,level of injury,reasons of injury,income and protection through univariate analysis(P<0.05).The results of multiple-factor logistic regression analysis showed that high educational level(OR=0.07)and protection(OR=0.04)got the low risk of disability.And there were high risk of disability among short working age,finger injuries,high level of injury,the OR of which were 2.48、2.31 and3.48.Conclusions There are certain characteristics of disability caused by occupational hand injuries.Corresponding preventive measures should be taken in view of the related risk factors,which is expected to reduce the occurrence of disability caused by occupational hand injuries.

关 键 词：职业性 手外伤 危险因素 

分 类 号：R[医药卫生]