警惕检疫性有害生物马铃薯孢囊线虫(Globodera rostochiensis和G.pallida)入侵我国  

Potential invasion of the potato cyst nematode Globodera rostochiensis and G.pallida into China

作　　者：彭焕[1] 刘慧[2] 江如 葛建军[3] 赵守歧[2] 冯晓东[2] 黄文坤[1] 彭德良[1] PENG Huan;LIU Hui;JIANG Ru;GE Jianjun;ZHAO Shouqi;FENG Xiaodong;HUANG Wenkun;PENG Deliang(State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;National Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center,Beijing 100125,China;Institute of Plant Quarantine,Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine,Beijing 100176,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [2]全国农业技术推广服务中心,北京100125 [3]中国检验检疫科学研究院植物检疫研究所,北京100176

出　　处：《植物保护》2020年第6期1-9,共9页Plant Protection

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(Y2020GH11);国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503114);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(2060302-51)。

摘　　要：马铃薯孢囊线虫包括马铃薯金线虫Globodera rostochiensis和马铃薯白线虫G.pallida,是马铃薯生产上危害最为严重的植物寄生线虫,一般造成30%的产量损失,在热带发病严重地区,产量损失高达80%~90%,甚至绝收。由于其危害严重性,包括我国在内的100多个国家将其列为重要检疫性有害生物。我国目前尚无马铃薯金线虫和白线虫的发生报道,但随着贸易全球化,马铃薯孢囊线虫传入我国的风险日趋增高。本文主要对马铃薯孢囊线虫的发生分布、危害症状、经济损失、生物学特性、传入我国的潜在风险和预防控制措施进行综述,旨在为防止马铃薯孢囊线虫入侵我国提供参考。The potato cyst nematodes(PCN),namely potato golden cyst nematode Globodera rostochiensis and potato pale cyst nematode G.pallida,are highly economically important pest of potato and cause yield losses up to 30%;in the tropics,yield losses are as high as 80%-90%,even no yields.These two cyst nematodes have been recognized as quarantine nematode pests in China and more than 100 other countries due to its devastating damage to potato crop.There are no distribution and occurrence of G.rostochiensis and G.pallida in China nowadays,however,the risk of introduction into China is increasing with the rapid development of trade globalization.In this paper,the occurrence,distribution,symptoms,yield loss,biological characteristics,potential introduction risks into China,prevention and control measures of potato cyst nematodes were reviewed,in order to provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of potato cyst nematodes.

关 键 词：马铃薯孢囊线虫 马铃薯金线虫 马铃薯白线虫 入侵 预警 

分 类 号：S435.32[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]