基于非轴对称吻切技术的三维激波逆向乘波设计  

Inverse Waverider Design for 3D Shock Wave Based on Non-axisymmetric Osculating Cones Method

作　　者：张涛[1] 郑晓刚[1] 汤祎麒 李怡庆 尤延铖[1] Zhang Tao;Zheng Xiaogang;Tang Yiqi;Li Yiqing;You Yancheng(Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China;Nanchang Hangkong University,Nanchang 330063,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学,福建厦门361102 [2]南昌航空大学,江西南昌330063

出　　处：《航空科学技术》2020年第11期35-46,共12页Aeronautical Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51276151,91441128);基础科研项目(B1420133058);中央高校基本科研业务费(20720140540);江西省教育厅科技项目(GJJ190523)。

摘　　要：基于传统吻切理论,本文提出了一种非轴对称吻切技术,并在此基础上,完善了传统二维特征线技术,可对复杂三维曲面激波进行逆向求解。通过事先指定三维激波曲面形状,根据气流方向与激波曲面当地曲率方向,能够求出各离散激波点对应的离散微吻切平面。以该微吻切平面与激波曲面的交线作为各微吻切平面内的激波形状,利用已知激波求解流场的二维逆向特征线法对各微吻切平面的流场进行求解,随后将各离散微吻切平面内获得的压缩型线进行组合,获得能够生成指定复杂三维曲面激波的压缩型面。研究结果表明,基于非轴对称吻切技术的三维激波逆向求解方法能够很好地求解出生成指定三维激波曲面的乘波构型,激波形状吻合度较高;运用该逆向设计方法求解获得的截面流场信息与数值模拟结果相似度较高,其流场分布表现出相同的规律,但在增压比的预测上存在一定的误差,主要集中在远离对称面三维效应明显处,最大误差约为8.4%,可见该逆向乘波设计方法的精度基本满足要求。另外,针对特定的二次锥面激波方程,设计截面内激波曲线越高,乘波体的升阻比越低。Based on the principal of traditional osculating cones method,a new non-axisymmetric osculating cones method was proposed.On this basis,the traditional 2D MOC was improved,which can be used to solve the 3D complicate shock wave.By specifying the appearance of three-dimensional shock wave in advance,the local micro osculating plane corresponding to the discrete shock points can be obtained according to the direction of the air flow and the local curvature direction of the shock surface.The improved two-dimensional inverse MOC is used to solve the flow field in each micro osculating plane,while the intersection line between the micro osculating plane and the shock surface is defined as the main input.Subsequently,the compression surface,designed to generate specified 3D shock wave,are formed with all the compression lines gained from each micro osculating plane.The results show that the inverse technology for solving 3D shock wave via non-axisymmetric osculating cones method shows high agreement in the shape of shock wave,and the flow field information obtained by this inverse technique is quite similar to the numerical simulation results.However,there is still a certain deviation in the prediction of the pressure ratio,while the maximum deviation is about 8.4%.In addition,for the specific quadric conical shock wave,the higher the shock curve is in the design section,the lower lift-drag of waveriders is.

关 键 词：非轴对称吻切技术 特征线 乘波体 升阻比 逆向设计 

分 类 号：V211.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]