成都冬季PM2.5污染天气形势的客观分型研究  

Study on an Objective Synoptic Typing Method for Air Pollution Weather in Chengdu During Winter

作　　者：张莹 王式功[1,3] 倪长健[1] 张小玲[1,4] 贾旭伟 冯鑫媛[1] ZHANG Ying;WANG Shigong;NI Changjian;ZHANG Xiaoling;JIA Xuwei;FENG Xinyuan(Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Plateau Atmosphere and Environment,School of Atmospheric Science,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225,China;State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry,CAS,Beijing 100029,China;Key Laboratory of Gansu Province for Arid Climate Change and Disaster Reduction,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Environmental Meteorology Forecast Center of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,Beijing 100089,China;People’s Liberation Army 94498,Nanyang 072655,China)

机构地区：[1]成都信息工程大学,环境气象与健康研究院/高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室,四川成都610225 [2]中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层物理和大气化学国家重点实验室,北京100029 [3]兰州大学,甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [4]京津冀环境气象预报预警中心,北京100089 [5]中国人民解放军94498部队,河南南阳072655

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2020年第5期139-144,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(91644226);四川省重大科技专项(2018SZDZXX23);四川省科技厅应用基础研究项目(2020YJ0425);成都市科技厅项目(2019-YF05-00219-SN);成都信息工程大学科研启动金(KYTZ201723);四川省教育厅科研项目(2018Z114)。

摘　　要：文章利用2013-2018年冬季ERA-interim再分析资料,以及同期空气污染资料、地面常规气象观测资料和探空资料,采用PCT(principal component analysis in T-mode)客观分型方法对成都冬季海平面气压场进行天气分型,并探究冬季以及各月份不同天气型对应的空气污染状况及污染气象参数分布特征,进而从污染气象学的角度揭示重污染潜势天气型的气候特征。结果表明:冬季海平面气压场共对应9种天气类型,其中,6型(准鞍型场型)和9型(冷锋前部型)为2类重污染潜势天气型,冬季对应的PM2.5均值浓度分别为194.3和173.2μg/m3;而1型(川西高压前部型)为清洁天气型,对应的PM2.5均值浓度为73.2μg/m3。重污染潜势天气型对应的边界层结构呈现出稳定能量大、混合层厚度和通风系数均最小的静稳天气特征,其能够反映大气污染潜势。该研究可为盆地地区空气污染潜势预报及大气重污染预报预警的客观化、自动化提供科学依据和技术支持。PCT(principal component analysis in T-mode) objective synoptic typing method was used to identify the synoptic types in Sichuan Basin of China during winter based on sea surface pressure fields from ERA-Interim reanalysis dataset during 2013 to 2018. Combined with air pollution data, conventional meteorological observations and sounding data, the characteristics of air pollution and the corresponding air pollution meteorological parameters in winter with different synoptic types were studied, and the climatic characteristics of heavy pollution potential types from the perspective of air-pollution meteorology were also revealed. The results showed that there are mainly 9 synoptic types, of which Type 6(quasi saddle field type) and Type 9(cold front type) are two typical types of heavy pollution potential weather, with the PM2.5 mean concentration in winter as 194.3 and 173.2μg/m3 respectively, while Type 1(Western Sichuan high pressure front type) is clean weather, with the PM2.5 mean concentration as 73.2μg/m3. The boundary layer structure corresponding to heavy pollution potential weather pattern shows the characteristics of static and stable weather with large stable energy, small mixing layer thickness and ventilation coefficient, which can reflect the potential of air pollution. This research can provide scientific basis and technical support for the objectification and automation of air pollution potential prediction and air heavy pollution prediction and early warning in the basin area.

关 键 词：客观天气分型 PCT 静稳天气 重污染潜势型 成都 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]