茶足柄瘤蚜茧蜂的滞育诱导及其寄生苜蓿蚜僵蚜的低温贮藏  

Diapause induction and cold storage of parasitoid Lysiphlebus testaceipes in mummified aphids

作　　者：刘敏 刘爱萍[1] 韩海斌[1] 孙程鹏[1] 黄海广[2] 陈国泽 LIU Min;LIU Aiping;HAN Haibin;SUN Chengpeng;HUANG Haiguang;CHEN Guoze(Institute of Grassland Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hohhot 010010,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China;Inner Mongolia Academy of Forestry Sciences,Hohhot 010010,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China;Nelson Sumu Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Comprehensive Station,Alashan 750300,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所,呼和浩特010010 [2]内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院,呼和浩特010010 [3]阿拉善右旗曼德拉苏木农牧业综合站,内蒙古阿拉善750300

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2020年第5期1071-1077,共7页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFE0104900,2017YFD02010000);内蒙古自治区阿拉善盟科技计划项目。

摘　　要：为明确茶足柄瘤蚜茧蜂Lysiphlebus testaceipes人工诱导滞育的最佳条件,于室内条件下测定不同温度和光周期处理对该蜂滞育诱导的影响,并通过测定不同温度条件下的滞育率来确定滞育僵蚜的最佳贮藏时间。结果显示:25℃下培养茶足柄瘤蚜茧蜂120 h达高龄幼虫时,对其进行滞育诱导,此时该蜂滞育率最高;表明高龄幼虫期是其感受滞育信号的敏感时期,蛹是该蜂的滞育虫态。在温度为8~16℃、光照时间为8~14 h的范围内,随着温度的降低和光照时间的缩短,茶足柄瘤蚜茧蜂的滞育率呈增加趋势,其中在8℃、光周期8 L∶16 D条件下其滞育率最高,为73.58%;当温度为16℃时,光照时间处于8~14 h范围内,该蜂不能进入滞育状态。在8℃下持续诱导30、40 d,茶足柄瘤蚜茧蜂的滞育率分别为72.38%和67.54%。在4℃下将滞育僵蚜贮藏90 d,与非滞育僵蚜相比,滞育僵蚜的羽化率和子代蜂的寄生率均无显著差异;冷藏120 d,滞育僵蚜的羽化率仍能达到69.64%。表明茶足柄瘤蚜茧蜂属低温短日照滞育型昆虫,最佳滞育诱导条件为25℃培育120 h后,转入8℃、8 L∶16 D环境中连续诱导30 d;滞育僵蚜在4℃下可储存90~120 d。The effects of temperature and photoperiod on diapause induction and storage conditions of parasitoid Lysiphlebus testaceipes in mummified aphids were investigated to determine the optimum conditions of diapause induction. The results showed that, the highest diapause rate was achieved when L. testaceipes was induced at mature larval stage after reared at 25℃ for 120 h;L. testaceipes received the signal for diapause at the mature larval stage and entered diapause at the pupal stage. When the temperature was 8-14℃ and day length was 8-14 h, the diapause rate significantly increased with decreasing temperature and day length. At 8℃, the highest rate of diapause was 73.58% under the photoperiod of 8 L∶16 D. When the temperature was 16℃, the photoperiod had no effect on diapause. When induced at 8℃ for 30 and 40 days, the diapause rates were 72.38% and 67.54%, respectively. The emergence rate and the parasitism showed no significant difference between adults emerged from the diapaused mummified aphids stored at 4℃ for 90 days and those from the non-diapaused mummies without cold storage. After cold storage for 120 d, the emergence rate of the diapaused mummies could still reach 69.64%. The optimum conditions for inducing diapause in L. testaceipes were: reared at 25℃ for120 h, and then moved to 8-10℃ for 30 d. The optimum conditions were storing diapaused mummies at 4℃ for 90-120 d.

关 键 词：茶足柄瘤蚜茧蜂 滞育诱导 敏感虫态 低温贮藏 

分 类 号：S476.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]