创新生态系统内的知识势差与知识流动机制  

Knowledge Potential Difference and Knowledge Flow Mechanism in Innovation Ecosystem

作　　者：米捷 郭彬[1] 陈怀超[1] 范建红[1] MI Jie;GUO Bin;CHEN Huaichao;FAN Jianhong(College of Economics and Management,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan Shanxi 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学经济管理学院,山西太原030024

出　　处：《北京理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第6期78-87,共10页Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology：Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“组织学习过程下的组织惯例演化:对现象、路径及微观机制的研究”(71902130);国家社科基金项目“制度落差对中国海外投资企业社会责任的影响研究”(18BGL026);山西省高等学校哲学社会科学研究项目“基于复杂自适应系统理论的组织学习与组织惯例演化机制研究”(2019W021);山西省哲学社会科学规划课题“外部技术引进对我省高新技术产业发展促进机制研究”(2019B071)。

摘　　要：创新生态系统内部的知识流动对于协同创新和产业链升级有着重要意义,而其内部创新主体的知识位势分布特征是影响知识流动的关键因素。根据创新主体的知识存量和知识扩散的方向,将创新生态系统内部的企业分为高知识位势企业、中间知识位势企业和低知识位势企业。通过构建三方参与的演化博弈模型,研究知识流动行为、消极参与行为和机会主义行为的演化过程。研究发现:知识广度势差有利于创新生态系统内的知识流动,而过大的知识深度势差则不利于知识流动行为的产生;知识吸收转化能力和内部知识流动的通畅性有助于创新生态系统向知识流动良性循环的路径演化;创新生态系统内部的知识流动行为具有一定的路径依赖性,故应在合作形成的初期就避免消极行为和机会主义行为;由于核心企业或行业领导者与新创企业或集群企业之间存在较大的知识势差,使得知识的转移与吸收过程变得艰难,中间知识位势主体此时则扮演了知识流动中介和辅助者的角色。Knowledge flow in innovation ecosystem has important meaning for coordinative innovation and upgrading the related industrial chain. In the meanwhile, the distribution characteristics of knowledge potential of innovative bodies are key factors which influence the knowledge flow. According to the knowledge stock and knowledge diffusion direction of innovative bodies, high knowledge potential enterprises, medium knowledge potential enterprises and low knowledge potential enterprises are distinguished.By constructing the tripartite evolutionary game model, we study the evolution of knowledge flow behaviors, passive behaviors and opportunism behaviors. The research shows that the potential difference caused by knowledge breadth is conducive to knowledge flow, but potential difference caused by knowledge depth is not conducive to knowledge flow in innovation ecosystem. The absorption& transforming capacity and unobstructed flow is benefiting for evolution of knowledge sharing behaviors. The knowledge flow behaviors have the feature of path dependence, so the passive behaviors and opportunism behaviors should be avoided in the early stages. Because great knowledge potential exists between core enterprises or industry leaders and start-ups or clustered firms,knowledge transferring and absorption therefore becomes difficult. In that case, medium knowledge potential enterprises act both as intermediary and aiders of knowledge flow.

关 键 词：创新生态系统 知识位势 知识流动 演化博弈 

分 类 号：F276.4[经济管理—企业管理]