汉语“被”字句再探索--语法-语用互动视角  

Revisiting Chinese bei-construction:The Perspective of Grammar-Pragmatics Interaction

作　　者：薛兵[1] 张绍杰[2] XUE Bing;ZHANG Shaojie

机构地区：[1]大连外国语大学英语学院,辽宁大连 [2]东北师范大学外国语学院,吉林长春

出　　处：《语言教育》2020年第4期45-50,共6页Language Education

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“内嵌含义的语法驱动与语用限制互动研究”(项目编号:20CYY049);2018年大连外国语大学科研基金项目青年项目“汉语语态系统的构式语用研究”(项目编号:2018XJQN02)的阶段性研究成果;国家公派留学基金和大连外国语大学学术骨干教师经费资助。

摘　　要：为弥补汉语"被"字句先前研究中"介词观""动词观"和"助词观"的理论局限,本文通过从语法-语用互动视角对"被"字句的使用进行考察、分析与阐释发现,"被"是一个同时编码被动语态语法意义和"遭受"语用意义的语用语态助词;对"被"字句的选择就是顺应于说话人交际意图,对"被"所编码的语法及语用意义的动态选择。"遭受"体现为一般语境下"被"字句的默认语用意义,在具体语境下可以被取消。To remedy the theoretical limitation of previous studies of Chinese bei-construction from the"preposition view""verb view"and"particle view",this paper aims to further analyze and explain the usage of bei-construction from the perspective of pragmatics-grammar interaction.It finds that bei is a pragmatic voice particle which encodes both passive voice as grammatical meaning and affectedness as pragmatic meaning.The choice of bei-construction,being contextually adapted to speaker’s communicative intention,means the dynamic choice of its coded grammatical and pragmatic meanings.This"affectedness"represents the default pragmatic meaning of bei-construction,which can be canceled in certain context.

关 键 词：“被”字句 语用语态助词 语法-语用互动 选择 顺应 

分 类 号：H0[语言文字—语言学]