教育监管的语义与语用探微——以美国联邦政府教育监管为例  

A Semantic and Pragmatic Study on Educational Supervision and Regulation——A Case from the US Federal Government

作　　者：徐梦杰 张民选[1] XU Mengjie;ZHANG Minxuan(Research Institute for International and Comparative Education,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234;Shanghai Research Center for Educational Supervision,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学国际与比较教育研究院,上海200234 [2]上海市教育督导研究中心,上海200234

出　　处：《比较教育研究》2020年第11期86-95,共10页International and Comparative Education

基　　金：教育部委托决策咨询项目“发达国家教育监管的实践与经验”(编号:JYBZFS2018105)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：对2017年以来我国一系列教育文件内容分析发现,国家在主导推进"教育监管",但"监管"在教育领域尚属新概念。中、美的语义和语用研究结果互证,"教育监管"是对现行教育系统的渐进改良:发现教育问题,扭转无序现状,建章立制,优化管理。美国联邦政府历经百年发展、实践淘漉,建立了一套有关教育监管的科学政策工具,形成了规范的运行方式,以专业引领的行政合力为核心,以配套拨款和职责明确的监管法规为动力,建设高质量教育数据共享与交换平台支持科学决策,推动各州因地制宜的教育循证实践。从而成功实现了宏观顶层设计与微观教育实践之间的耦合联动,切实增强了联邦政府教育监管的系统效力。The content analysis of the educational documents published on the website of China's Ministry of Education since 2017 found that the central government has been actively leading the promotion of"educational supervision and regulation",which remains a relatively new concept in the field of education.Semantic and pragmatic studies in China and the U.S.have all proved that"educational supervision and regulation"is able to improve the current education system gradually.The oversight and monitoring identify the problems;the management and control cope with the issues;the regulations and rule-making improve the administration.After more than a century of evolution,the U.S.federal government has developed a set of scientific policy instruments and operation modes that can realize the coupling between macro top-level design and micro educational practices.Based on the joint efforts of administrative power and professional leadership,driven by grants and regulations with clear accountability,the system is established upon evidence-based educational practices tailored to suit local conditions of each state with high-quality educational data sharing and exchange platforms to transmit information.It has successfully enhanced the effectiveness of educational supervision and regulation through soft power.

关 键 词：教育监管 教育规管 循证决策 美国 

分 类 号：G464[文化科学—教育学]