快速城镇化背景下乡村居民点时空演变及其驱动因素——以海口市为例  

Spatio-Temporal Evolution and Driving Forces of Rural Settlements Under the Background of Rapid Urbanization:A Case Study of Haikou City

作　　者：宋伟 程叶青 林丹 余珍鑫 罗邱戈 张金萍 SONG Wei;CHENG Yeqing;LIN Dan;YU Zhenxin;LUO Qiuge;ZHANG Jinping(College of Geography and Environmental Sciences,Hainan Normal University,Haikou 571158,Hainan,China;Wuhai No.1 Middle School,Wuhai 016000,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]海南师范大学地理与环境科学学院,中国海南海口571158 [2]乌海市第一中学,中国内蒙古乌海016000

出　　处：《经济地理》2020年第10期183-190,共8页Economic Geography

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目(2019RC178);海南省自然科学基金项目(417099、418MS052);国家自然科学基金项目(41661028、41761118);海南省普通高等学校创新科研课题(Hys2018-206)。

摘　　要：基于遥感影像分类解译数据,采用核密度估计、探索性空间数据分析、地理探测器等模型方法,定量识别了2000和2018年海口市乡村居民点空间分布特征与演变的驱动因素。结果表明:①近20年来,海口市乡村居民点数量和面积显著增长,总体上"东密西疏",呈现出高密度小规模集聚与低密度大规模集聚分布并存的空间格局;乡村居民点高密度区范围不断扩大,分布密度由邻近中心城区向东部、南部明显衰减;总体趋向于相对零散的分布,新增居民点主要位于海口市东部和南部,具有面积小而分散的特征。②海口市乡村居民点空间格局演变受自然因素、区位因素和政策因素综合作用,其中,区位因素对乡村居民点空间格局的演变影响最为显著,路网密度、到区中心可达性、到主要公路距离3个因子是乡村居民点空间分布演变的主要驱动力。房地产开发及多种土地利用规划与保护政策对海口市乡村居民点演变影响较显著。Based on remote sensing image classification and data interpretation,the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics and driving forces of rural settlements in Haikou City between 2000 and 2018 were quantitatively identified using the methods of the Kernel Density estimation,exploratory spatial data analysis and geographic detectors.Results showed that:1)the number and area of the rural settlements have increased greatly in the past 20 years,and showed the character of"dense in the east while spare in the west"and spatial pattern of high-density small-scale agglomeration coexisting with low-density large-scale agglomeration.The scope of high-density areas has continuously expanded,and the distribution density has been significantly attenuated from the adjacent central urban areas to the east and south.Besides,the rural settlements tended to be relatively scattered,and the newly added residential areas were mainly located in the east and south of Haikou City with small and scattered features.2)The spatial evolution of rural settlements in Haikou City is influenced by natural,location and policy factors.Among which,location factors have the most significant impact on the spatial pattern of rural settlements evolution.Especially,the road network density,accessibility to the center of the downtown area,and distance to the main road are the main driving forces of the spatial distribution of rural settlements.In addition,real estate development,various land use planning,protection and restriction policies also play important roles on the development and evolution of rural settlements.

关 键 词：乡村居民点 城镇化 核密度估计 地理探测器 区位因素 政策因素 海口市 

分 类 号：K901.8[历史地理—人文地理学]