母乳成分动态分析及与乳母膳食营养摄入、婴儿生长发育关系研究  

Study on relationships of components of breast milk with dietary nutrients intake of lactating woman and growth and development of the infant

作　　者：闫淑媛[1] 匡晓妮[1] 钱红艳[1] 李雪怡 YAN Shuyuan;KUANG Xiaoni;QIAN Hongyan;LI Xueyi(Child Health Center,Changsha Municipal Maternity and Child Health Hospital,Hunan Changsha 410007,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙市妇幼保健院儿童保健中心,湖南长沙410007

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2020年第11期1531-1536,共6页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

基　　金：中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心母婴营养与健康研究项目(2015FYH021)。

摘　　要：目的分析母乳成分的动态变化,探讨母乳成分与乳母饮食、婴儿生长发育的关系。方法选取2016年7月至2017年12月在长沙市妇幼保健院产科足月分娩并计划纯母乳喂养的母婴128对,分别于生产后1、2、3月龄时来院随访,进行母乳成分分析及乳母1周膳食营养分析,并标准测量婴儿体重、身长、头围等生长指标,使用Bayley婴幼儿发育量表监测婴儿神经发育。结果98对母婴完成所有随访及检查,母乳中蛋白质、乳糖及矿物质含量在产后1~3月有显著性差异(F/H值分别为24.054、60.196、27.070,均P<0.05),进一步两两比较发现,1月母乳蛋白质、乳糖、矿物质含量分别高于2月和3月组,而2月和3月含量无显著性差异,各月龄母乳脂肪、水分、能量、密度差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);母乳中各成分含量按均值分为≥均值组和<均值组,依次与乳母膳食各营养素摄入及婴儿生长发育各指标比较,结果均无显著性差异(均P>0.05);按照体重生长速度分组,3月龄时生长速度正常组其智力发育指数(MDI)水平高于速度减慢和增快者(F=3.672,P<0.05)。结论母乳营养成分含量与乳母近期膳食摄入量无明显相关关系,亦未对小婴儿(0~3月)生长发育产生影响,而维持小婴儿短期内正常生长速度利于其智力发育。Objective To analyze dynamic changes in breast milk composition,and to explore relationships of breast milk composition with maternal diet and growth and development of the infant.Methods 128 pairs of mothers and their infants who delivered at full-term and planned to feed their baby with pure breast milk in Department of Obstetrics,Changsha Municipal Maternity and Child Health Hospital from July 2016 to December 2017 were selected and were followed up at ages of one,two and three months after birth respectively.Breast milk composition and one-week dietary nutrition of lactating women were analyzed.Meanwhile,the growth indexes of the infants such as weight,height and head circumference were measured standardly,and neurodevelopment of the infant was monitored by using Bayley Scales of Infant Development(BSID).Results All follow-ups and examinations in 98 pairs of mothers and infants were completed.In contents of protein,lactose and minerals in breast milk there were significant differences among 1,2 and 3 months age groups(F/H=24.054,60.196 and 27.070 respectively,all P<0.05).Further,the results of two-two comparison showed that the protein,lactose and mineral contents in the breast milk at one month after birth were higher than those at 2 month and 3 month after birth,but there was no significant difference between 2 month and 3 month age groups.And there were no significant differences in fat,moisture(water),energy and density of breast milk among different age groups(all P>0.05).The contents of components in breast milk were divided into≥mean group and0.05).According to gain rate in body weight,the level of mental development index(MDI)in normal growth rate group was higher than that both in slow growth rate group and fast growth rate group at 3 months after birth(F=3.672,P<0.05).Conclusion There is no significant relationships between the nutrients’content in breast milk and recent dietary intake of lactating mothers,the changes in nutrients’content in breast milk dosen’t affect the growth and developm

关 键 词：母乳成分 膳食摄入 生长发育 动态变化 

分 类 号：R153.1[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R174[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]