美国学校体育概况及经验借鉴  

General Situations and Reference of School Physical Education in the United States

作　　者：周岩峰[1] 张伟刚 ZHOU Yan-feng;ZHANG Wei-gang(Guangzhou Sport University,Guangzhou 510500,China;Guangzhou Polytechnic of Sports,Guangzhou 510000,China)

机构地区：[1]广州体育学院,广东广州510500 [2]广州体育职业技术学院,广东广州510000

出　　处：《广州体育学院学报》2020年第6期125-128,共4页Journal of Guangzhou Sport University

摘　　要：通过对美国大中小学、学前机构的观察和访问,厘清了美国学校体育的发展概况和运行经验,利用文献资料法、实地观察法、专家访谈法以及对比分析法等对美国学校体育进行了深入分析和研究,研究认为美国学校体育的概况及经验主要包括美国体育课程目标科学;体育技能传授循序渐进;体育项目众多,以兴趣为导,以游戏为主线;注重联盟间的竞赛与竞争;体育特长生与体育俱乐部发达;学校体育与社区体育高度融合与发展。立足我国国情和我国学校体育发展现状,提出了可供参考和借鉴的意见和建议,改革措施主要包括:优化学校体育课程设置,增加体育项目种类,科学设计分项分区的联盟赛事,积极倡导俱乐部建设,鼓励家长参与到学校体育活动中并与社区体育紧密结合,大力建设体育项目传统学校,注重体育特长生的文化课学习,为进一步完善我国各级学校体育的改革与进一步发展提供有价值的对策和建议。Through the observation and interview of American primary and secondary schools and preschool institutions,this paper clarifies the development and operational experience of American school physical education,and makes an in-depth analysis and research on American school physical education by using the methods of literature,field observation,expert interview and comparative analysis.The results show that the general situation and experience of American school physical education mainly include American Physical Education Curriculum;It is suggested that the sports skills should be taught step by step;there are many sports events,which are guided by interest and dominated by games;the competitions and competitions among leagues should be paid attention to;the sports specialty students and sports clubs are developed;school sports and community sports are highly integrated and developed.Based on the national conditions of our country and the present situation of the development of school physical education in our country,this paper puts forward some opinions and suggestions that can be used for drawing.The reform measures mainly include:optimizing the curriculum of school physical education,increasing the types of physical education,scientifically designing the league events in sub-regional areas,actively advocating the construction of clubs,encouraging parents to participate in school sports activities and closely integrating with community sports,and vigorously building traditional schools of physical education.We should pay attention to the study of cultural courses for students with special physical education skills,so as to provide valuable countermeasures and suggestions for further improving the reform and further development of physical education in schools at all levels in China.

关 键 词：美国 学校体育 概况 经验 

分 类 号：G807[文化科学—体育训练]