论法律推定的界域与效力——以买受人检验通知义务为视角的研究  

On the Boundary and Validity of Legal Presumption:A Study from the Perspective of Buyer's Inspection Notification Obligation

作　　者：纪格非[1] JI Ge-fei(School of Civil and Commercial Economics and Law,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing,100088)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学民商经济法学院,北京100088

出　　处：《现代法学》2020年第6期17-31,共15页Modern Law Science

基　　金：2017年度国家社科基金资助项目“我国刑事判决在民事诉讼中预决效力的规则设计研究”(17BFX054)。

摘　　要：《民法典》第621条存在立法目的与立法技术无法匹配的问题。理论研究应对法律推定的功能和界域进行更精确和细致的界定,以使法律推定能够区别于拟制、意思表示的解释以及法律的解释性规范等其他立法技术。法律推定的效力应有助于其功能的实现,并力求不损害自由心证的基础性地位。法律应以选择适用为原则,强制适用为例外。法律推定只影响主观证明责任的转移,不影响客观证明责任的分配。不应承认不可反驳的法律推定。Article 621 of the Civil Code has the problem that the legislative purpose and the legislative technique cannot match.Theoretical research should define the function and boundary of legal presumption more precisely and meticulously,so that legal presumption can be distinguished from other legislative techniques such as fiction,interpretation of expression of intention and interpretive norms of law.The validity of legal presumption should be conducive to the realization of its functions and should strive not to impair the fundamental status of free evaluation of evidence.Law should take selective application as the principle,while compulsory application as the exception.Legal presumption only affects the transfer of subjective burden of proof,not the distribution of objective burden of proof.The irrefutable legal presumption should not be recognized.

关 键 词：法律推定 证明责任 瑕疵担保 拟制 意思表示 

分 类 号：DF72[政治法律—诉讼法学]