清代书面满语动词短语名物化论元结构与形态特点初探  

A Preliminary Study on the Argument Structure and Morphological Features of VP Nominalization in Qing Dynasty Classical Manchu

作　　者：贾越[1,2] JIA Yue

机构地区：[1]南开大学外国语学院,天津300071 [2]黑龙江大学满学研究院,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《民族语文》2020年第5期21-33,共13页Minority Languages of China

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“类型学框架下满语静词形态结构认知模式建构研究(15CYY040)”;中国博士后科学基金项目“满—通语言格系统共时与历时研究(2016M591375)”成果之一。

摘　　要：本文探讨清代书面满语动词短语名物化的论元结构。满语动词短语名物化的标记是动词短语末位出现的-ngge或零形式-?。它们是动词短语名物化的标记,并非动词本身的屈折形式。名物化的动词短语可带格后缀和充当谓语以外的句法功能。在名物化过程中,论元结构、题元角色不变,但论元的赋格发生变化,不同的格后缀体现不同的题元角色。题元角色赋格的异同与句法结构是否变化有关;动词短语域内题元角色赋格不变,域外题元角色的赋格异同与题元角色的显凸程度相关。满语论元结构的分析结果可为已有的论元结构假设提供证据。This article discusses the argument structure of the nominalization of verb phrases in Classical Manchu in the Qing Dynasty.Verb phrase nominalization is marked by phrase-final-ngge or zero form-?,which are markers of the nominalized verb phrases rather than the inflectional forms of the verb itself.Nominalized verb phrases take case suffixes,and act as all the syntactic functions other than predicates.In the process of nominalization,the argument structure and the theta-roles remain unchanged,but the case of the argument changes.Different cases reflect varied theta-roles.The changes in cases for theta-roles are correlated to syntactic structure changes in the nominalization;the case of external argument remains unchanged while that of internal argument is correlated to the prominence of the thematic role.The results of analysis on the argument structure in Manchu provide evidence for argument structure hypothesis made in Grimshaw(1990).

关 键 词：满语 名物化 论元结构 题元角色 形态 

分 类 号：H221[语言文字—少数民族语言]