论保证债务诉讼时效与主债务诉讼时效的关联性  

On the Relevance of Guaranteed Debt Litigation Limitations and Primary Debt Limitations

作　　者：石冠彬[1,2] Shi Guanbin(Law School,Hainan University,Haikou 570229)

机构地区：[1]海南大学法学院,海口570228 [2]中国人民大学民商事法律科学研究中心,海口570228

出　　处：《浙江社会科学》2020年第12期58-66,158,共10页Zhejiang Social Sciences

基　　金：第65批中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目“担保制度立法与实践新问题研究”(资助编号:2019M650929);海南省哲学社会科学规划重大委托项目“海南自由贸易区(港)营商环境建设的法治路径”(项目编号:HNSK(ZD)19-110)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：保证债务诉讼时效是债权人寻求公权力保护其保证债权的法定期间,适用普通诉讼时效,与主债务诉讼时效的时长并不必然相同,其与决定保证债务是否产生的保证期间的内涵截然不同。虽然保证人可援引主债务人的诉讼时效抗辩权作为其不承担保证责任的抗辩事由,但保证债务诉讼时效相较于主债务诉讼时效并不具有从属性,主债务诉讼时效届满并不导致保证债务诉讼时效的届满,其中断或者中止也不影响保证债务诉讼时效的计算:一方面,一般保证债务诉讼时效的起算原则上以主债务裁判的强制执行不能作为前提,当主债务诉讼时效发生中断或中止时,一般保证债务诉讼时效尚未起算,自然不可能发生所谓的中断或者中止;另一方面,债权人要求连带保证人承担保证责任并不以其要求主债务人承担保证责任为前提,两者之间并非真正连带债务,故连带保证债务在诉讼时效的计算上也具有独立性。反之,保证债务诉讼时效的中断或中止也与主债务诉讼时效无关。Guaranteed debt litigation limitations is the statutory period during which creditors seek public power to protect their guaranteed claims.The application of general limitations is not necessarily the same as the main debt of that.It is also completely different from the connotation of the guarantee period that determines whether the guarantee debt is generated.Although the guarantor can invoke the limitations defense of the principal debtor as a defense for not assuming the guaranty liability,it is not subordinate to the limitations of the main debt,and the expiration of the main debt of limitations does not result in guaranteed debt of limitations.The termination or suspension of the main debt limitations does not affect the calculation of the guarantee debt limitations.On the one hand,the initial calculation of limitations of the general guarantee debt,in principle,is a precondition that does not enforce a main debt court decision.When the limitations of the primary debt is terminated or suspended,the limitations of the general guarantee debt lawsuit has not yet commenced,so it is naturally impossible to cause the so-called interruption or suspension.On the other hand,the creditor’s requirement for the joint guarantor to bear the guaranty liability does not presuppose that it requires the primary debtor to bear the guaranty liability.Because the two are not really joint debts,so the joint guarantor debt is also independent in the calculation of the limitations of action.Conversely,the termination or suspension of limitations for guaranteed debt actions has nothing to do with the limitations for primary debt.

关 键 词：保证债务诉讼时效 保证期间 连带债务 一般保证 连带责任保证 

分 类 号：D923.2[政治法律—民商法学]