沙乌头猪二元杂种猪胴体与肉质性能的比较分析  

Comparison of Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of Shawutou Two-way Crossbred Pigs

作　　者：薛云 陆雪林[1] 吴昊旻[1] 徐忠惠 李何君 张新生 沈东 沈富林[1] XUE Yun;LU Xuelin;WU Haomin;XU Zhonghui;LI Hejun;ZHANG Xinsheng;SHEN Dong;SHEN Fulin(Shanghai Animal Disease Control Center,Shanghai 201103,China;Shanghai Chongming District Breeding Livestock Farm,Shanghai 202177,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市动物疫病预防控制中心,上海长宁201103 [2]上海市崇明区种畜场,上海崇明202177

出　　处：《养猪》2020年第6期45-50,共6页Swine Production

基　　金：上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目(2018-02-08-00-03-F01554)。

摘　　要：为比较沙乌头猪不同杂交组合的性能,筛选优良杂交组合,选择♂杜洛克猪×♀沙乌头猪(DS)、♂鲁莱黑猪×♀沙乌头猪(LS)作为试验对象,分别测定了两种组合的胴体性状、肉质性状。结果显示:DS的屠宰率为70.15%,瘦肉率为52.28%,平均背膘厚为35.51 mm,眼肌面积为32.56 cm^2。LS的屠宰率为70.39%,瘦肉率为43.25%,平均背膘厚为42.14 mm,眼肌面积为23.31 cm^2。①胴体性状中,LS的后腿比例、体斜长、瘦肉率、骨骼比例、眼肌面积均极显著低于DS(P<0.01),肩部最厚处显著高于DS(P<0.05),头重、皮厚、最后肋结合处、腰荐结合处、平均背膘厚、脂肪率、皮肤比例均极显著高于DS(P<0.01),其余指标差异均不显著(P>0.05)。②肉质性状中,LS的黄度b*显著低于DS(P<0.05),亮度L*、嫩度均极显著低于DS(P<0.01),红度a*均极显著高于DS(P<0.01)。LS的胆固醇含量显著低于DS(P<0.05),而两种组合的肌苷酸、脂肪酸、氨基酸组成及含量相似(P>0.05)。综上,以沙乌头猪为母本组配的DS胴体性能和肉质性能优于LS,研究为沙乌头猪的开发利用及优质配套系的培育提供了相关的参考。Aim to compare the performance of different cross combinations of Shawutou pigs and screen excellent hybrid combinations,the carcass traits and meat quality traits of♂Duroc pig×♀Shawutou pig(DS)and♂Lulai black pig×♀Shawutou pig(LS)were tested.The results showed that the dressing percentage of DS was 70.15%,lean meat percentage was 52.28%,average backfat thickness was 35.51 mm,and loin eye muscle area was 32.56 cm^2.The dressing percentage of LS was 70.39%,lean meat percentage was 43.25%,average backfat thickness was 42.14 mm,and loin eye muscle area was 23.31 cm^2.①Among carcass traits,the proportion of hind legs,body inclined length,lean meat percentage,bone proportion and loin eye muscle area of LS were extremely significantly lower than those of DS(P<0.01),and the thickest part of shoulder was significantly higher(P<0.05),and the head weight,skin thickness,last rib junction,waist recommendation junction,average back fat thickness,fat percentage and skin proportion were extremely significantly higher than that of DS(P<0.01),while the other indexes were not significantly different(P>0.05)。②Among meat quality traits,the Minolta b*of LS was significantly lower(P<0.05),the Minolta L*and tenderness were extremely significantly lower(P<0.01),and the Minolta a*were extremely significantly higher(P<0.01)than that of DS.The cholesterol content of LS was significantly lower than that of DS(P<0.05),while the content of inosinic acid,the composition and content of fatty acid and amino acid of the two combinations were similar(P>0.05)to the latter.In conclusion,the carcass performance and meat quality performance of DS with Shawutou pig as female parent were better than those of LS.This study provided relevant reference for the development and utilization and the cultivation of high-quality mating lines of Shawutou pigs.

关 键 词：沙乌头猪 杂交 胴体性状 肉质性状 相关性 

分 类 号：S828.8[农业科学—畜牧学]