8种农药残留在小麦模拟储藏过程中的降解动力学研究  

Degradation Kinetic Study of Eight Pesticides Residues in Wheat Grain During Simulated Storage

作　　者：熊超平 马缓 朱恩俊[1] 徐炜枫[2] 刘琴[1] Xiong Chaoping;Ma Huan;Zhu Enjun;Xu Weifeng;Liu Qin(Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety,Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing,College of Food Science and Engineering,Nanjing University of Finance and Economics,Nanjing 210023;Jiangsu Agro-product Quality Test Center,Nanjing 210036;College of Science and Technology,Hubei University of Arts and Science,Xiangyang 441025)

机构地区：[1]南京财经大学食品科学与工程学院,江苏省粮油品质控制及深加工实验室,江苏省现代粮食流通与安全协同创新中心,南京210023 [2]江苏省农产品质量检验测试中心,南京210036 [3]湖北文理学院理工学院,襄阳441025

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2020年第11期139-146,共8页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划重点专项(2017YFC1600601);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(19)2005);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(2014-124),江苏省研究生培养创新工程研究生科研与实践创新计划(9 KYCX19_1417)。

摘　　要：研究了8种农药残留(乐果、氰烯菊酯、氟环唑、戊唑醇、咪鲜胺、甲基毒死蜱、甲基嘧啶磷、毒死蜱)在小麦模拟储藏过程中的降解动力学。通过QuEChERS(Quick,Easy,Cheap,Effective,Rugged,Safe)前处理结合超高效液相色谱与三重四级杆质谱串联(UPLC-MS/MS)技术,对不同储藏时间的小麦中农药残留进行检测,结果表明:除氰烯菌酯外,其余7种农药降解均符合一级动力学模型,它们的残留降解速率随温度升高而加快,但受湿度影响不大;在10℃下,7种农药的降解动力学常数k的范围为0.0007~0.0042 d^-1,半衰期t 1/2为165~990.2 d;在35℃下,k的范围为0.0034~0.0408 d^-1,t 1/2为17~203.9 d;在10℃和35℃下k值最大的分别为甲基嘧啶磷和乐果,k值最小的分别为咪鲜胺和氟环唑。咪鲜胺具有最大的降解活化能E a(87.29 kJ/mol),其k值受温度影响最大,而甲基嘧啶磷的E a值最小(8.29 kJ/mol),其k值受温度影响也较小。而氰烯菌酯则非常稳定,即使在35℃下近6个月储藏过程中残留量几乎没有变化。Degradation kinetics of 8 pesticides(dimethoate,phenamacril,epoxiconazole,tebuconazole,prochloraz,chlorpyriphos-methyl,pirimiphos-methyl and chlorpyriphos)were studied during the simulated storage of wheat grain.The pesticides content during different storage time were detected by QuEChERS(Quick,Easy,Cheap,Effective,Rugged and Safe)extraction coupled with ultra-performance liquid chromatography combined tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS)method.The results indicated that the degradation of these pesticides followed first order kinetic model except of phenamacril.The degradation kinetic constant k value of these seven pesticides increased with the increasing of storage temperature,but showed no correlation with humidity.The k value of these seven pesticides were ranged from 0.0007~0.0042 d^-1 and 0.0034~0.0408 d^-1 under storage temperature of 10℃and 35℃,respectively.The ranges of half-life t 1/2 were 165~990.2 days and 17~203.9 days at temperature of 10℃and 35℃respectively.Pirimiphos-methyl and dimethoate had the highest k value,while prochloraz and epoxiconazole had the lowest k value under storage temperature of 10℃and 35℃individually.Among them,prochloraz showed the highest degradation reaction active energy E a value,which resulted in a significant effect of temperature on k value.While pirimiphos-methyl had the lowest E a value and showed the least effect of temperature on k value.Suprisedly,phenamacril showed no degradation during 6 months storage under storage temperature of 35℃.

关 键 词：小麦 模拟储藏 8种农药残留 降解动力学 降解常数 降解活化能 

分 类 号：TS210.1[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]