杂交水稻种子劣变特性初步研究  

A Preliminary Study on the Degradation Characteristics of Hybrid Rice Seeds

作　　者：刘爱民 张晓明[3] 蔡志欢 刘俊龙 蒋珊瑚 赵清华 LIU Ai-min;ZHANG Xiao-ming;CAI Zhi-huan;LIU Jun-long;JIANG Shan-hu;ZHAO Qing-hua(Yuan Longping High-tech Agriculture Co.Ltd,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China;State Key Laboratory o f Hybrid Rice,Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China;Hunan Longping Seed Industry Co.Ltd.,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China)

机构地区：[1]袁隆平农业高科技股份有限公司,湖南长沙410125 [2]湖南杂交水稻研究中心杂交水稻国家重点实验室,湖南长沙410125 [3]湖南隆平种业有限公司,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2020年第6期82-87,共6页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：国家重点科技研发计划项目“七大农作物育种专项”(2019YFD0100900);长沙市科技计划重大专项(kq1804050)。

摘　　要：收集江苏、福建、湖南、海南等省基地生产的6个母本系品种的杂交种子样品46份,以及在湖南绥宁和福建建宁基地4个母本系品种分期收获的种子样品24份,考查这些样品种子米粒中正常种子、粉质化种子、穗芽种子、霉变种子的粒率和检测发芽率。结果发现粉质化、穗芽、霉变3种类型种子劣变在杂交水稻种子中普遍存在,粉质化种子占劣变种子总数的比例达到65%~90%;不同母本系、不同生态气候和收获期对种子的劣变程度影响大;种子发芽率与粉质化粒率、总劣变粒率呈极显著的负相关,相关系数分别为-0.671、-0.631。The study collected 46 samples of hybrid rice seeds derived from six male sterile lines which were produced in the bases in the provinces of Jiangsu,Fujian,Hunan and Hainan,and 24 samples of hybrid rice seeds derived from four male sterile lines which were harvested at different ripening stages in the bases at Suining,Hunan and Jianning,Fujian.The rates of normal seed,powdery seed,pregerminated seed and moldy seed in the samples were investigated and their germination rates were then determined.The results showed that three kinds of seed degradation including powdery seed,pregerminated seed and moldy seed were common in hybrid rice seeds,and among the deteriorated seeds,the powdery seed accounted for 65%~90%.Different male sterile lines,different ecological and climatic conditions and different harvest time all had a great influence on seed deterioration.There existed a very significant negative correlation of seed germination rate to powdery seed rate and total deteriorated seed rate,with the correlation coefficients of-0.671 and-0.631,respectively.

关 键 词：杂交水稻 种子 劣变 粉质化 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学] S311