国际灾难研究的概念谱系与未来议程:百年反思  

The Genealogy of International Disaster Research and Future Agenda:Retrospection of 100 Years Academic Evolution

作　　者：高恩新[1] GAO En-xin

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学公共管理学院

出　　处：《社会学评论》2020年第6期113-126,共14页Sociological Review of China

基　　金：国家哲学社会科学基金青年项目“自然灾害诱发社会稳定风险链形成与阻断机制研究”(13CGL129)。

摘　　要：社会学开启了20世纪现代灾难研究。本文运用知识谱系学的方法,分析了国际灾难研究百年演化的概念谱系及理论变迁。研究发现,致灾因子、脆弱性、韧性分别从外部冲击、社会情境、生态平衡的视角界定灾难研究问题、方法、概念和理论框架。经过百年发展,现代灾难研究逐渐形成了灾害过程研究、灾难社会情景研究和灾难跨学科研究三个方向。三个研究方向尚处于共存、竞争和融合的阶段,映射了灾难研究面临的学科分散、知识碎片化问题。未来的灾难研究应该致力于构建普遍性的灾难理论、推进灾难知识的系统化和学科化、以全球视野促进国际灾难协作治理,使理论研究更好地服务于全球防灾减灾实践。Sociology led the disaster research throughout the whole 20th century.At the turning point of 100 anniversary of Disaster Research,this Paper applied genealogical Methods to discuss the evolution of basic definitions and orientations in disaster research.Based on literature review,this paper concluded that agent-baised event,vulnerability and resilience defined approaches and orientations in disaster research,which framed hazard process model,social settings model and interdisciplinary model in 100 years disaster research evolution.However,the revolutionary paradigm shift did not happen and the three research orientations concurs and competes,which implied the contradictory definitions,disconnected disciplines and fragmented knowledge of disaster research.In future,scholars should devote to building a general disaster theory,fundamentals of disaster science and disaster governance with global perspective.

关 键 词：灾难研究 概念谱系 研究方向 研究议程 

分 类 号：X4[环境科学与工程—灾害防治] C91[经济管理]