农村在校未成年人心理健康服务需求调查研究  

Investigation on the demand of mental health service for rural school minors

作　　者：孙婷 唐启寿 张武丽 何梦雨 张利华 SUN Ting;TONG Qi-shou;ZHANG Wu-li;HE Meng-yu;ZHANG Li-hua(School of Nursing,Bengbu Medical College,Bengbu Anhui 233030,China)

机构地区：[1]蚌埠医学院护理学院,安徽蚌埠233030

出　　处：《蚌埠医学院学报》2020年第11期1544-1549,1553,共7页Journal of Bengbu Medical College

基　　金：教育部人文社科研究青年基金项目(17YJC840033);安徽省教育厅人文社科研究重点项目(SK2018A0177,SK2017A0198)。

摘　　要：目的:了解农村未成年人心理健康服务需求以及不同人口统计学特征的被试对象服务需求的差异,为农村未成年人心理健康干预策略的制定提供参考。方法:2018年4-7月采用分层整群抽样法抽取四川省、安徽省、河南省共14所农村中小学四到九年级学生3456人,通过自编心理健康服务需求问卷调查被试对象心理健康服务获取及需求情况。结果:61.1%被试对象希望获取心理健康服务,有统计学意义的变量为年级、成绩、住校情况、家庭经济状况(P<0.01)。希望获取服务的途径主要是心理咨询师(51.5%),有统计学意义的变量为性别、年级、成绩、住校情况(P<0.01)。被试对象希望通过面对面交流(45.1%)及网络(28.3%)等形式获取服务,有统计学意义的变量分别为性别、年级、住校情况、教育方式、家庭经济状况(P<0.05~P<0.01)。不同性别、年级、学习成绩、住校情况、独生子女情况、父母婚姻状况、家庭教育方式及经济状况的被试对象心理健康服务内容的需求不同(P<0.05~P<0.01)。结论:农村未成年人心理健康服务的需求较高,不同人口统计学特征的农村未成年人的心理健康服务需求不同,他们需要通过多种途径和方式获取心理健康服务。Objective:To investigate the difference of the mental health service demands between rural school minors with different demographic characteristics,and provide the reference in formulating mental health intervention strategies for rural minors.Methods:Using the stratified random cluster sampling,3456 rural school minors from grade 4 to 9 were selected in Sichuan,Anhui and Henan province for April to July 2018.The acquisition and demands of mental health service of rural school minors were investigated using the self-designed questionnaire.Results:The 61.1%of the subjects wanted to obtain mental health services,and the variables with statistical significance were grade,score,residential status and family economic status(P<0.01).The psychological counselors(51.5%)were the main way to obtain services,and the variables with statistical significance were the gender,grade,performance,and residential status(P<0.01).The subjects hoped to obtain services through face-to-face communication(45.1%)and internet(28.3%),and the variables with statistical significance were gender,grade,residential situation,education mode and family economic status(P<0.05 to P<0.01).The demands for mental health services in subjects with different gender,grade,academic performance,living in school,only-child status,marital status of parents,family education and economic status were different(P<0.05 to P<0.01).Conclusions:The demand for mental health services in rural minors is high,which in the rural minors with different demographic characteristics is different,and they need to obtain mental health services through various ways and means.

关 键 词：未成年人 心理健康服务 需求 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]