植物RNA干扰抗病毒机制研究进展  

Advance in the Antiviral Mechanism of RNA Interference

作　　者：方远鹏 李云洲 岳宁波 赵志博 杨再福[1] 王勇[1] 龙友华[1,2] FANG Yuanpeng;LI Yunzhou;YUE Ningbo;ZHAO Zhibo;YANG Zaifu;WANG Yong;LONG Youhua(College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;Kiwifruit Engineering Center,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学猕猴桃工程中心,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《山地农业生物学报》2020年第5期50-56,共7页Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合平台人才[2017]5788-28);贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2019]2403号;黔科合支撑[2017]2566-1);贵州大学人才引进科研项目(贵大人基合字[2017]50)。

摘　　要：目前,植物病毒病危害越来越严重,抗病毒研究越来越受到人们的关注。RNA干扰是植物抗病毒的重要机制之一,但很少有人对其进行系统的研究。RNAi关键蛋白主要包含3种:Dicer样(DCL)、RNA依赖聚合物(RDR)和Argonaute(AGO)。在抗病毒作用中,DCL1和DCL2、RDR2和RDR6、AGO1是最重要的。si RNAi介导的RNAi是RNAi最主要的机制,主要过程是DCL将ds RNA切割成"初级si RNA",RDR将si RNA重构成ds RNA,然后将新合成的ds RNA切割成更多的"次级si RNA",AGO与si RNA结合形成RNA沉默复合物(RISC)。RNA干扰可以通过互补碱基对切割RISC和靶病毒或RNA核酸序列,最终降解病毒或RNA核酸序列。本文归纳总结国内外RNAi机制相关蛋白及其功能、以及RNA i抗病毒机制,为植物抗病毒研究提供指导与依据。Plant virus diseases are becoming more and more serious,and anti-virus research has attracted more and more attention.RNA interference is one of the important mechanisms of plant resistance to viruses,but few people have systematically studied it.RNAi key proteins mainly include three types:Dicer-like(DCL),RNA-dependent RNA polymerase(RDR)and Argonaute(AGO).Among the antiviral effects,DCL1 and DCL2,RDR2 and RDR6,and AGO1 are the most important.si RNAi-mediated RNAi is the most important mechanism of RNAi.The main process is that DCL cuts ds RNA into"primary si RNA",RDR reconstitutes si RNA into ds RNA,and then cuts the newly synthesized ds RNA into more"Secondary siRNA",AGO combines with si RNA to form RNA silencing complex(RISC).RNAi can cut the RISC and target virus or RNA nucleic acid sequence through complementary base pairs,and ultimately degrade the virus or RNA nucleic acid sequence.This article summarizes the relevant proteins and their functions of RNAi mechanism at home and abroad,as well as the antiviral mechanism of RNAi,and provides guidance and basis for plant antiviral research.

关 键 词：RNA干扰 抗病毒机制 ARGONAUTE Dicer样 RNA依赖性RNA酶 

分 类 号：S432[农业科学—植物病理学]