混合所有制改革能否提升中国国有企业的创新水平  

Can Mixed Ownership Reform Improve the Innovation Level of Chinese State-owned Enterprises

作　　者：杨运杰[1] 毛宁 尹志锋[1] Yang Yun-jie;Mao Ning;Yin Zhi-feng

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学经济学院

出　　处：《经济学家》2020年第12期71-79,共9页Economist

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“司法大数据下的专利诉讼与企业创新研究”(17CJY007);科学技术部高技术研究发展中心项目“基于大数据智能的非公经济群体感知与服务辅助技术研究与应用”(2019AAA0105100)。

摘　　要：作为中国国有企业改革的主要方向,混合所有制改革及其成效备受社会各界关注。本文基于1998—2007年中国工业企业数据库研究了混合所有制改革对国有企业创新的影响。研究发现:第一,混合所有制改革对国有企业创新具有积极影响。第二,国有参股相较国有控股和国有民营化等混改形式更有利于促进创新,该促进效果在外部创新环境良好、行业垄断程度高的国有企业中表现更为明显;国有参股混改形式对大型国企的创新促进效应相对更大。第三,混合所有制改革主要通过获得政府补贴和降低管理成本这两个途径来促进企业创新。本文验证了混合所有制改革对中国国有企业创新的积极影响,发现了混合所有制改革对企业创新的影响路径以及不同混改形式对企业创新的异质性效应,为进一步深化国企改革和提升国企创新能力提供了经验支撑。As the main direction of the reform of state-owned enterprises in China,the mixed ownership reform and its ef⁃fect have attracted much attention.Based on the database of China's industrial enterprises from 1998 to 2007,this paper studies the impact of mixed ownership reform on the innovation of state-owned enterprises.The results show that:First,the mixed owner⁃ship reform has a positive impact on the innovation of state-owned enterprises.Second,compared with the mixed reform forms of state-owned holding and state-owned privatization,state-owned shares are more conducive to promoting innovation,and the pro⁃motion effect is more obvious in the state-owned enterprises with good external innovation environment and high degree of indus⁃try monopoly;the mixed reform of state-owned shareholding has a relatively greater effect on the innovation of large state-owned enterprises.Third,the mixed ownership reform promotes enterprise innovation through two channels:obtaining government subsi⁃dies and reducing management costs.This paper verifies the positive impact of the mixed ownership reform on the innovation of China's state-owned enterprises,and finds the mechanisms of mixed ownership reform on enterprise innovation and the heteroge⁃neous effect of different forms of mixed ownership reform on enterprise innovation,which provides empirical support for further deepening the reform of state-owned enterprises and improving the innovation ability of state-owned enterprises.

关 键 词：混合所有制改革 国有企业 创新 

分 类 号：F276.1[经济管理—企业管理] F121.24[经济管理—国民经济]