水稻重要农艺性状调控基因及其育种利用研究进展  

Research Progress on Regulatory Genes of Important Agronomic Traits and Breeding Utilization in Rice

作　　者：张海淼 李洋[1] 刘海峰[1] 孔令广[1] 丁新华[1] ZHANG Hai-miao;LI Yang;LIU Hai-feng;KONG Ling-guang;DING Xin-hua(College of Plant Protection,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学植物保护学院,泰安271018

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2020年第12期155-169,共15页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31872925);山东省重点研发计划(2019JZZY020608,2019GNC106152);山东省自然科学杰出青年基金(JQ201807);山东省高等学校青创科技支持计划(2019KJF023)。

摘　　要：水稻是我国三大主要粮食作物之一,也是保证我国口粮绝对安全的必保品种之一,具有极高的生产价值。随着分子标记、转基因等技术的快速发展,越来越多的科研工作者将研究方向聚焦到水稻高产、高抗、营养高效等优异农艺性状基因的克隆和功能鉴定上来,并在此基础上利用分子育种技术对目标性状进行定向改良,以获得综合性状优良的水稻品种。相对于传统杂交育种技术,分子育种技术在水稻中的应用可以打破物种间的生殖隔离,缩短育种时间,使水稻性状的改良更加精准、多样化。综述了水稻营养高效利用、激素、生物胁迫、非生物胁迫、产量与品质等调控基因的最新研究进展,并对未来水稻研究发展方向进行了展望,旨在为我国水稻研究提供有益参考。Rice is one of the three main grain crops in China,and it is also one of the guaranteed varieties to ensure the absolute safety of rations in China,thus it has high production value.With the rapid development of technologies such as molecular markers and transgenic technology,more and more researchers have focused on cloning and identifying genes for high yield,high resistance,high nutritional efficiency and other excellent agronomic traits in rice.On this basis,molecular breeding technology is used to improve the target traits in order to obtain rice varieties with excellent comprehensive traits.Compared with traditional hybridization techniques,the application of molecular breeding in rice can break the reproductive isolation between species and shorten the breeding time,therefore make the improvement of rice traits more precise and diversified.This article reviews the recent research progress on the regulation genes related to high nutrient utilization efficiency,hormone,biotic stress,abiotic stress,yield and quality in rice,and prospects on the future direction of rice research and development,aiming to provide a beneficial reference for the scientific research of rice in China.

关 键 词：水稻 农艺性状 功能基因 分子育种 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]