小胶质细胞在脑缺血再灌注损伤中的治疗作用和进展  

Therapeutic effect and progress of microglia on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury

作　　者：熊莉 彭丽佳 邵建林[1] XIONG Li;PENG Li-jia;SHAO Jian-lin(Department of Anesthesiology,First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Kunming Yunnan 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学第一附属医院麻醉科,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《局解手术学杂志》2020年第11期932-936,共5页Journal of Regional Anatomy and Operative Surgery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81760248、81960250);云南省应用基础研究计划重点资助项目(2018FA042)。

摘　　要：小胶质细胞的表象变化取决于发育阶段、功能状态和解剖学位置,其具有明显的吞噬作用,并在神经病理学中起重要作用。脑缺血会导致脑血流量减少、神经元细胞损伤、神经认知损伤、神经功能缺陷和脑死亡等。为了恢复大脑的血液供应需要立即再灌注,但再灌注可能会对大脑造成伤害。有研究表明脑缺血再灌注(I/R)损伤后小胶质细胞活性增加,然而其激活机制尚不清楚;还有一些研究显示小胶质细胞参与了神经变性和氧化应激的产生,并以一种时间依赖性的方式于I/R损伤后在特定的大脑区域被激活。本综述总结并讨论了有关大脑整体和局灶的I/R损伤对小胶质细胞活化的影响及其治疗作用和进展。The appearance change of microglia depends on the developmental stage,functional state and anatomical location,which has obvious phagocytosis and plays an important role in neuropathology.Cerebral ischemia can lead to the decrease of cerebral blood flow,neuronal cell damage,neurocognitive impairment,neurological deficit and brain death.Immediate reperfusion is required in order to restore blood supply to the brain,but reperfusion may cause damage to the brain.Some studies have shown that microglia activity increases after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)injury,but the activation mechanism is still unclear.Some studies have shown that microglia participate in the generation of neurodegeneration and oxidative stress,and are activated in specific brain regions in a time-dependent manner after I/R injury.This review summarizes and discusses the effects of whole and focal I/R injury on microglia activation and its therapeutic effect and progress.

关 键 词：大脑 I/R损伤 小胶质细胞 氧化应激 脑缺血 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]