口腔黏膜相关疾病免疫功能检测及意义  

Detection and significance of immune function in oral mucosa⁃associated diseases

作　　者：王安训[1] WANG Anxun(Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510080,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属第一医院口腔颌面外科,广东广州510080

出　　处：《口腔疾病防治》2021年第2期73-80,共8页Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(NSFC81672659);广东省自然科学基金面上项目(2020A1515010291)。

摘　　要：免疫功能的评估在多种疾病的诊断、治疗和预后评估中具有重要作用,目前常用的免疫功能检测包括细胞免疫、体液免疫以及炎症标志物等。本文首先讨论免疫功能及其检测在各种疾病诊断、鉴别诊断、治疗监测中的应用状况;然后结合文献资料和笔者课题组的研究,阐述免疫功能检测在3种常见口腔黏膜相关疾病诊断和治疗中的应用价值,包括复发性阿弗他溃疡(recurrent aphthous ulcer,RAU)、口腔扁平苔藓(oral lichen planus,OLP)以及口腔鳞状细胞癌(oral squamous cell carcinoma,OSCC)。笔者研究发现RAU患者呈现体液免疫功能异常和明显的炎症反应,OLP和OSCC患者呈现轻度的炎症反应和更为严重的细胞免疫功能和体液免疫功能的异常。由此可见免疫功能的联合检测对这些疾病的诊断和治疗具有一定的指导价值,但未来还必须开展大样本、多中心、多指标联合检测的研究,从而更加完善地阐明免疫功能异常在各种疾病发病中的作用及其机理,建立相应的诊断模型和预后预测模型,同时寻找更为有效的治疗手段。The evaluation of immune function plays an important role in the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of many diseases.To date,immune function detection includes cellular immunity,humoral immunity,and inflammatory markers.In this paper,the application of immune function detection in the diagnosis,differential diagnosis and treatment monitoring of various diseases was discussed;then,the application value of immune function detection in the diagnosis and treatment of three common oral mucosa-related diseases,including recurrent aphthous ulcer(RAU),oral lichen planus(OLP),and oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC),were reviewed combined with the literature and our research.Our research found that RAU patients present abnormal humoral immune function and obvious inflammatory reactions,whereas OLP and OSCC patients present mild inflammatory reactions and more serious abnormal cellular and humoral immune function,so the combined detection of immune function has a certain guiding value for the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases.Moreover,in the future,it is necessary to carry out a study on large sample,multicenter and multiindex joint detection to better clarify the role of immune dysfunction in the pathogenesis of various diseases and its mechanism,to establish the corresponding diagnostic model and prognostic prediction model,to find more effective treatment methods.

关 键 词：复发性阿弗他溃疡 扁平苔藓 口腔鳞状细胞癌 口腔黏膜 免疫功能 淋巴细胞亚群 细胞免疫 体液免疫 炎症 生物标志物 

分 类 号：R781.5[医药卫生—口腔医学]