秸秆处理技术的最新进展:挑战与解决方案  

State of the art of straw treatment technology:Challenges and solutions forward

作　　者：Yingqun Ma Yanqing Shen Yu Liu Yingqun Ma;Yanqing Shen;Yu Liu(Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre,Nanyang Environment&Water Research Institute,Nanyang Technological University,1 Cleantech Loop,Singapore,637141,Singapore;School of Civil and Environmental Engineering,Nanyang Technological University,50 Nanyang Avenue,Singapore,639798,Singapore)

机构地区：[1]南洋理工大学,南洋环境与水源研究所高级环境生物技术中心,新加坡637141 [2]南洋理工大学土木与环境工程学院,新加坡639798

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2020年第11期152-161,共10页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

摘　　要：秸秆作为一种农业副产品已被认为是一种潜在生物质资源。然而,露天焚烧秸秆仍是世界许多地区的主要手段,这造成资源浪费和空气污染。近年来已经开发了许多用于从秸秆中回收能源和资源的技术,由于其经济可行性和生态友好性质,该生物学方法引起了越来越多的研究兴趣。然而,在生物加工过程之前对秸秆进行预处理是必不可少的,并且在很大程度上决定了过程的可行性、经济可行性和环境可持续性。因此,本综述试图对当前的秸秆预处理技术和管理实践进行重要而全面的分析。主要提出了结合微生物降解和酶促水解的综合生物过程,并阐述了其与未来大规模秸秆处理相关的潜在利益、局限性和挑战,并展望了前景和方向。Straw as an agricultural byproduct has been recognized as a potential resource.However,openfield straw burning is still the main mean in many regions of the world,which causes the wasting of resource and air pollution.Recently,many technologies have been developed for energy and resource recovery from straw,of which the biological approach has attracted growing interests because of its economically viable and eco-friendly nature.However,pretreatment of straw prior to biological processes is essential,and largely determines the process feasibility,economic viability and environmental sustainability.Thus,this review attempts to offer a critical and holistic analysis of current straw pretreatment technologies and management practices.Specifically,an integrated biological process coupled with microbial degradation and enzymatic hydrolysis was proposed,and its potential benefits,limitations and challenges associated with future large-scale straw treatment were also elaborated,together with the perspectives and directions forward.

关 键 词：秸秆 微生物降解 酶促水解 资源回收 循环经济 

分 类 号：S216[农业科学—农业机械化工程]