昆明市2010—2019年儿童青少年伤害死亡率及变化趋势分析  

Trend of injury mortality of children and adolescents in Kunming during 2010-2019

作　　者：李志坤[1] 张茂镕[1] 杨昭[1] 顔芳 李琦[2] 王盼 LI Zhikun;ZHANG Maorong;YANG Zhao;YAN Fang;LI Qi;WANG Pan(Chronicdisease Prevention and Control Department,Kunming Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Kunming(650228),China;不详)

机构地区：[1]云南省昆明市疾病预防控制中心慢病科,650228 [2]昆明市儿童医院手术室

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2020年第11期1707-1710,1715,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的了解2010—2019年昆明市0~19岁儿童青少年伤害死亡特征,为制定相应的政策和防治措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述统计分析方法,对2010—2019年昆明市死因监测资料进行儿童青少年伤害死亡特征分析,包括死亡率、构成比、年度变化百分比(APC)等。结果2010—2019年昆明市儿童青少年伤害死亡率为23.18/10万,且呈下降趋势(t=7.13,P<0.05)。男性死亡率(31.59/10万)高于女性(14.27/10万)(χ^2=376.24,P<0.05),男、女性APC值分别为-8.82%和-7.48%;男性儿童青少年各年龄段伤害死亡率均高于女性;农村儿童青少年伤害死亡率(28.65/10万)高于城市(12.37/10万)(χ^2=297.30,P<0.05),城市和农村APC值分别为-8.53%和-7.78%。儿童青少年伤害死亡的前5位死因依次为交通事故、溺水、意外跌落、自杀、意外机械窒息,累计占儿童青少年伤害总死亡的80.88%。在城乡交通事故、溺水和农村意外跌落均呈下降趋势(t城市值分别为3.17,3.20;t农村值分别为5.66,3.12,4.42,P值均<0.05),各年龄段首位伤害死因不同。结论昆明市儿童青少年伤害死亡率呈下降趋势。农村儿童青少年应作为伤害重点关注人群,针对不同年龄段伤害死亡特点采用不同防护策略。Objective To understand the characteristics of injury deaths of children and adolescents aged 0 to 19 years in Kunming during 2010-2019,and to provide injury prevention and control basis.Methods Injury mortality data in 2010-2019 were from Kunming population based mortality surveillance system.The characteristics of injury death of children and adolescents were analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis,including mortality rate,composition ratio,the annual percent change,etc.Results Child and adolescent injury mortality was 23.18/10^5,decreasing by year(t=7.13,P<0.05).Male mortality(31.59/105)was higher than female(14.27/105)(χ^2=376.24,P<0.05),the APC of male was-8.82% and-7.48% in female.The injury mortality of male was higher than that of female at all age group.The injury mortality rate of rural children and adolescents(28.65/105)was higher than that of urban children(12.37/105)(χ^2=297.30,P<0.05),the APC was-8.53%in urban areas and-7.78% in rural areas.The top five causes of injury death of children and adolescents were traffic accident drowning,accidental fall,suicide and accidental mechanical suffocation,accounting for 80.88% of the total injury deaths of children and adolescents.In urban and rural areas,injury death by traffic accident,drowning and rural unintentional falls decreased significantly(turban=3.17,3.20,trural=5.66,3.12,4.42,P<0.05).The leading cause of death varied by different age groups.Conclusion The injury mortality rate of children and adolescents in Kunming city is on the decline.Rural children and adolescents,as vulnerable population to injury death,should receive protective strategies according to their specific characteristics of injuries and deaths in different age groups.

关 键 词：创伤和损伤 死亡率 流行病学研究 儿童 青少年 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R181.3[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]