中国16省中小学校卫生室服务现状与需求  

Current status and demand of health services in primary and middle school clinic in 16 provinces of China

作　　者：姚海舟 朱广荣[1] 王海雪[1] 郝鑫 张冰[1] 马军[1] 温萌萌[1] 高爱钰 石晓燕 张垚 邱爱明 张芯[6] YAO Haizhou;ZHU Guangrong;WANG Haixue;HAO Xin;ZHANG Bing;MA Jun;WEN Mengmeng;GAO Aiyu;SHI Xiaoyan;ZHANG Yao;QIU Aiming;ZHANG Xin(Institute of Child and Adolescent Health,School of Public Health,Peking University,Beijing(100191),China;不详)

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院/儿童青少年卫生研究所,北京100191 [2]赤峰市松山区教育局体卫站 [3]北京市东城区中小学卫生保健所 [4]北京市通州区中小学卫生保健所 [5]厦门市中小学卫生保健所 [6]教育部体育卫生与艺术教育司

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2020年第11期1716-1718,1722,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的了解中国中小学校卫生室服务现状与需求,为加强学校卫生服务提供参考。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法,按照中国三大经济地带划分,分层选择调研省份,每个调研省份选择1~2个调研点,共抽取16个省26个调研点。每个调研点内随机选择城乡小学、初中、高中各1所共6所学校作为调研点校,每个调研点校每个年级(小学选择三~五年级)随机选择10名学生匿名填写"全国中小学校卫生人员队伍建设调研学生问卷"。共回收有效问卷4661份。结果学校卫生室提供的服务中,"外伤处理"占49.4%、"咨询身体健康问题"占40.5%、"体检"占39.0%;调查对象过去1年时间内,去学校卫生室看病或咨询次数1~3次的占45.1%,4~5次的占6.4%,≥6次的占3.7%。在学校生病时,选择去学校卫生室看病的分别占65.8%(小学)、64.0%(初中)、54.4%(高中);在学校突然发生外伤时,选择去学校卫生室的分别占78.2%(小学)、73.2%(初中)、69.6%(高中)。结论中小学生对学校卫生室服务需求大,需要继续加强中小学学校卫生室建设。Objective To analyze the current situation and needs of primary and secondary school health clinic services,and to provide a reference for strengthening school health service in China.Methods Investigation provinces were selected according to China’s three major economic zones,1 or 2 survey centers were selected from each province,16 provinces and 26 survey centers were selected.In each survey centers,six schools from primary and secondary schools,junior high schools and high schools in urban and rural areas were randomly selected as research sites.Each research site randomly selected 10 students in each grade(grade three,four,five from primary schools)to fill in the questionnaire anonymously.A total of 4661 valid questionnaires were collected.Results Among the services provided by the school clinics to students,"trauma treatment""consulting health problems""physical examination"accounted for 49.4%,40.5% and 39.0% respectively.Within the past one year,45.1% students went to the school clinic for consultation or consultation 1-3 times,6.4% for 4-5 times,and 3.7% for 6 times or more.When students were sick in school,65.8%(primary school),64.0%(junior high school),and 54.4%(high school)of them selected to go to the school clinic.When suddenly suffered trauma in school,78.2%(primary school),73.2%(junior high school)and 69.6%(high school)of the students went to the school clinic.Conclusion Primary and middle school students have a great demand for school health services,and it is necessary to continue to strengthen the construction of primary and secondary school health clinics.

关 键 词：卫生保健提供 卫生服务需求 中小学生卫生保健服务 

分 类 号：G478[文化科学—教育学] R179[文化科学—教育技术学]