大豆油和地沟油制备生物柴油生命周期评价  

Life cycle assessment of biodiesel from soybean oil and waste oil

作　　者：杨兴林 刘岩冰 朱宗渊 顾丛汇 芮逸欣 王群 张曦卓 王天祥 Yang Xinglin;Liu Yanbing;Zhu Zongyuan;Gu Conghui;Rui Yixin;Wang Qun;Zhang Xizhuo;Wang Tianxiang(College of Energy and Power Engineering,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Zhenjiang 212003,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏科技大学能源与动力学院,镇江212003

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2020年第19期233-241,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：江苏科技大学博士启动基金(1142931706);国家自然科学基金青年项目(51906092)。

摘　　要：该研究应用生命周期评价方法,以大豆油和地沟油分别制备1 t生物柴油为研究对象,计算生物柴油全生命周期过程中的能源消耗和周期排放,结果表明:以大豆油为原料制备生物柴油全生命周期总能耗约为地沟油的2.65倍,且以地沟油为原料制备生物柴油过程中CO2、SO2、NOx、CO和粉尘各项排放与大豆油为原料时相比分别降低了82.92%、45.68%、94.91%、53.40%和90.61%。通过对制备生物柴油生命周期排放的废气和废物对环境造成的影响进行量化分析,结果表明以大豆油为原料时生命周期环境影响潜值约为地沟油的11.70倍,其数值分别为8.42和0.72,大豆油制备生物柴油过程中对环境的影响主要是全球性的变暖,地沟油制备生物柴油过程中对环境的影响主要是地区性的酸化。Life cycle assessment(LCA)is an important method that can fully evaluate the natural resources consumed in the production process and activities,as well as its impacts on the environment.In recent years,LCA has been widely used in the biodiesel production process.China is enriched in various biodiesel feedstocks,such as soybean oil,colza oil,jatropha,microalgae and waste cooking oil.In the current study,a life cycle assessment methodology was applied to evaluate the energy consumption and emissions of biodiesel products derived from soybean oil and waste cooking oil in the process of a whole life cycle.The results showed that in the whole life cycle,the total energy consumption of soybean-derived biodiesel was about 2.65 times higher than that of biodiesel derived from waste cooking oil.In the life cycle of soybean oil production for biodiesel,the majority energy consumption was contributed by the soybean planting stage,accounting for 62.55%of the total energy consumption.Particularly,the energy consumption of methanol production was rather high,accounting for 25.88%of the total energy consumption.In the life cycle of biodiesel made from cooking waste oil,the main energy consumption was in the production stage of methanol and catalyst,accounting for 81.12%of the total energy consumption.It was followed by the pretreatment stage of gutter oil,consuming 11.25%of the total energy input.In combustion,the CO2,SO2 and CO emissions from biodiesels either from soybean oil or waste cooking oil were both lower than those from the conventional diesel.Moreover,compared with the emissions of biodiesel derived from soybean oil,the CO2,SO2,NOx,CO,and dust emissions of biodiesel from the waste cooking oil were reduced by 82.92%,45.68%,94.91%,53.40%and 90.61%,respectively.It infers that the application of biodiesel can significantly reduce the emissions of greenhouse and acid gas.It also confirms that the greenhouse effect can be inevitably slowed down when using the biodiesel on a large scale.According to the environmental impac

关 键 词：生物柴油 环境 排放 大豆油 地沟油 生命周期评价 

分 类 号：S216[农业科学—农业机械化工程]