圆柱阵多波束渔用声呐波束形成性能分析  

Analysis of beamforming performance of cylindrical array multi-beam fishery sonar

作　　者：宗艳梅 李国栋 谌志新 唐学大[1] 尹项博 汤涛林 ZONG Yanmei;LI Guodong;CHEN Zhixin;TANG Xueda;YIN Xiangbo;TANG Taolin(Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao 266237,China;Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Science,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室,山东青岛266237 [2]中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所,上海200092

出　　处：《渔业现代化》2020年第6期66-73,共8页Fishery Modernization

基　　金：蓝色粮仓科技创新国家重点研发计划项目“深远距离与高分辨率鱼群探测及装备研制(2019YFD0901403)”;山东省重大科技创新工程专项(2018SDKJ0103-1);青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室自主科研课题;中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所科研基本业务费(2020LKY028、2020LKY030)。

摘　　要：圆柱阵多波束渔用声呐是海洋渔业精准捕捞的重要声学设备,可实现探测水域的全方位扫描,其波束形成能力是反映渔用声呐探测性能的主要技术指标之一。本研究从圆柱阵多波束渔用声呐波束形成能力分析出发,利用水声学算法仿真方法,分别对垂直和水平方向波束形成进行仿真,分析了幅度偏移、相位偏移及频移对圆柱阵垂直和水平方向波束形成性能的影响。结果显示:幅度和相位偏移对圆柱阵垂直和水平方向主瓣影响较小,主瓣变宽;对旁瓣影响较大,旁瓣明显增大;当偏移量在-5~15 dB时,对第一旁瓣增益影响在3 dB以内,当偏移过大时对其影响可达6 dB以上;频移对波束指向性影响较小,工作频点对波束主瓣宽度有较大影响,主瓣宽度偏差约在3°左右。本研究可为自主研制高精度、远距离圆柱阵多波束渔用声呐提供参考。Cylindrical array multi-beam fishery sonar,as important acoustic equipment for accurate fishing in marine fisheries,can realize omni-directional scanning of the detection waters.Its beamforming ability is one of the main technical indicators reflecting the detection performance of fishery sonar.In this research starting from the analysis of beamforming ability of cylindrical array multi-beam fishery sonar,the vertical and horizontal beamforming was simulated and the effects of amplitude shift,phase shift and frequency shift on the vertical and horizontal beamforming performance of the cylindrical array were analyzed by using the simulation method of underwater acoustic algorithm.The results show that the amplitude and phase shift has little influence on the main lobe in the vertical and horizontal directions of the cylindrical array,and the main lobe becomes wider;the influence on the side lobe is great,and the side lobe is significantly enlarged;when the offset is-5-15 dB,the gain of the first lobe is within 3 dB,and when the offset is too large,the gain of the first lobe can be more than 6 dB;the frequency shift has a little influence on beam directivity,the working frequency has a great influence on the width of the beam main lobe,and the width deviation of the main lobe is about 3°.This research can provide a reference for the independent development of high-precision and long-distance cylindrical array multi-beam fishery sonar in the future.

关 键 词：渔用声呐 圆柱型基阵 多波束探测 性能分析 

分 类 号：S972.61[农业科学—捕捞与储运]