18份杨树资源的遗传多样性分析  

Genetic diversity analysis of 18 poplar resources

作　　者：张海燕 樊军锋[1] 郑涛[1] ZHANG Haiyan;FAN Junfeng;ZHENG Tao(College of Forestry,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第12期47-54,63,共9页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(SQ2016YFNC030041)。

摘　　要：【目的】正确评价杨树资源的遗传多样性,为其新品种选育和资源利用提供理论依据。【方法】以来自黑杨派和白杨派的18个杨树无性系为试验材料,利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳从84对SSR引物中初步筛选出多态性较好的12对,再利用12对SSR荧光引物构建18个杨树无性系的指纹图谱并进行遗传多样性分析,同时依据遗传相似系数构建聚类图并进行亲缘关系分析。【结果】筛选出的12对引物共检测到91个多态性位点,每对引物检测到的多态性位点为4~12个,平均为7.6个,观测杂合度平均为0.4828,Shannon信息指数平均为1.8015,Nei’s基因多样性指数平均为0.7948;通过引物PMGC-2385和PMGC-2500构建了18个无性系的指纹图谱,该指纹图谱可将全部无性系区分开。UPGMA聚类分析表明,18个无性系的遗传相似系数在0.549~0.978,平均遗传相似系数为0.764,黑杨派与白杨派无性系遗传相似系数变幅分别在0.681~0.978和0.549~0.912,均具有较高的遗传变异性;18个无性系被分为黑杨与白杨2大类及6个亚群,与传统形态分类学结果基本一致。【结论】18份杨树资源的遗传多样性较为丰富,SSR分子标记技术结合STR分型检测技术在杨树资源的鉴定与分类中具有一定的可靠性。【Objective】This study evaluated the diversity of poplar genetic resources to provide basis for breeding and resource utilization of new varieties.【Method】A total of 12 pairs of SSR primers were preliminarily screened from 84 SSR primers using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis on 18 poplar germplasm resources.A total of 12 short tandem repeat(STR)markers were used to construct clone fingerprints and analyze genetic diversity,and the tree clustering graph were constructed to conduct genetic analysis based on genetic similarity coefficients.【Result】A total of 91 polymorphic loci were detected in 12 pairs of primers.The number of polymorphic loci detected by each pair of primers ranged from 4 to 12 with an average of 7.6,and the observed heterozygosity averaged 0.4828.The average Shannon index was 1.8015,and the average Nei’s gene diversity index was 0.7948.Fingerprints of 18 clones were constructed by primers PMGC-2385 and PMGC-2500,and all clones could be distinguished.UPGMA cluster analysis was performed on 18 clones.The genetic similarity coefficient ranged from 0.549 to 0.978 with an average of 0.764.The coefficients of genetic similarity of Sect.Aigeiros Duby and Sect.Leuce Duby ranged from 0.681 to 0.978 and 0.549 to 0.912,respectively,and both had high genetic variability.The 18 clones were mainly divided into 2 categories of Sect.Aigeiros Duby and Sect.Leuce Duby,and 6 subgroups,which was basically consistent with the traditional morphology taxonomy.【Conclusion】The genetic diversity of 18 poplar resources was abundant.SSR molecular marker technology combined with STR typing detection technology had certain reliability in the identification and classification of poplar resources.

关 键 词：杨树 简单重复序列 遗传多样性 指纹图谱 

分 类 号：S792.11[农业科学—林木遗传育种]