常见心身性皮肤病患者焦虑抑郁状态的现况调查  

Assessment of anxiety and depression on patients with common psychosomatic dermatosis

作　　者：张艺丹 张海萍[2] ZHANG Yidan;ZHANG Haiping(Department of Dermatology, Fuxing Hospital,Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045,China;Department of Dermatology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属复兴医院皮肤科,北京100045 [2]首都医科大学宣武医院皮肤科,北京100053

出　　处：《东南大学学报（医学版）》2020年第5期638-642,共5页Journal of Southeast University(Medical Science Edition)

摘　　要：目的:观察某综合医院皮肤科门诊常见心身性皮肤病患者的焦虑、抑郁状态,探讨常见心身性皮肤病与情绪之间的关系,为心身性皮肤病的精神/心理治疗提供依据。方法:招募北京市某综合医院皮肤科门诊就诊者,记录患者一般状况以及在最近1周存在的皮肤问题,同时对患者的焦虑抑郁情况采用医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)进行评估,与国内常模进行比较。结果:本研究入组646例皮肤科门诊患者,其中男228例,女418例,年龄(33.85±11.45)岁。HADS焦虑评分为(5.19±3.05)分,HADS抑郁评分为(7.16±2.91)分,均明显高于国内常模(P<0.05)。HADS焦虑抑郁评分均>7分的患者共108例,其中痤疮患者57例。18例(30.51%)慢性单纯性苔藓患者存在可疑/明显焦虑状态;75例(53.57%)脱发患者存在可疑/明显抑郁状态。结论:常见心身性皮肤病患者,存在明显焦虑、抑郁状态,且抑郁状态更严重。其中痤疮患者焦虑抑郁共病状态较为常见,慢性单纯性苔藓的患者焦虑状态的比例较高,脱发患者抑郁状态的比例较高。针对难治性复发性心身性皮肤病患者,可采用HADS进行评估并有针对性地进行精神/心理治疗。Objective:To observe state of anxiety and depression of patients with common psychosomatic dermatosis in a dermatology clinic of a general hospital,explore the relationship between common psychosomatic dermatosis and emotions,and provide a basis for the psychotherapy of psychosomatic dermatosis.Methods:Patients in the dermatology clinic of a general hospital in Beijing were screened to record the general condition of the patient's general status,as well as the skin problems of the patient at the current week,and the state of anxiety and depression in patients was assessed by using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS),and which was compared with the domestic norm.Results:This study enrolled 646 dermatology outpatients,including 228 males and 418 females,aged(33.85±11.45)years.The HADS anxiety score was(5.19±3.05)points and the HADS depression score was(7.16±2.91)points,which were significantly higher than the domestic norm(P<0.05).A total of 108 patients with anxiety score>7 and depression score>7 included 57 patients with acne.18 patients(30.51%)with chronic simple lichen had suspicious/significant anxiety status;75 patients(53.57%)had hair loss suspicious/significant depression status.Conclusion:Patients with common psychosomatic dermatosis have significant anxiety and depression,and depression is more severe.Among them,the anxiety and depression co-morbidity state of acne patients are more common.The proportion of anxiety state is higher in patients with chronic simple lichen and the proportion of depression state is higher in patients with hair loss.For patients with refractory recurrent psychosomatic dermatosis,assessment can be performed and targeted psychotherapy is done.

关 键 词：心身性皮肤病 焦虑 抑郁 

分 类 号：R749.72[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R749.4[医药卫生—临床医学]