16种杀菌剂对桃褐腐病菌菌丝生长和孢子萌发的抑制作用比较  

Comparison of Inhibitory Effects of Sixteen Fungicides on Mycelial Growth and Spore Germination of Monilinia fructicola

作　　者：宋化稳 徐娜娜 高德良 胡尊纪 庄治国 刘钰 吴希宝 庄占兴 SONG Huawen;XU Nana;GAO Deliang;HU Zunji;ZHUANG Zhiguo;LIU Yu;WU Xibao;ZHUANG Zhanxing(Shandong Academy of Pesticides Sciences,Key Laboratory for Chemical Pesticide of Shandong Province,Ji'nan 250033,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农药科学研究院,山东省化学农药重点实验室,济南250033

出　　处：《现代农药》2020年第6期49-54,共6页MODERN AGROCHEMICALS

基　　金：山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2018CXGC0213)。

摘　　要：比较8类16种杀菌剂对桃褐腐病菌菌丝生长和孢子萌发的室内毒力,筛选防治桃褐腐病的有效药剂,探讨各类药剂的使用特点。分别采用菌丝生长速率法和孢子萌发法测定药剂对菌丝生长和孢子萌发的抑制活性。结果表明,16种杀菌剂抑制菌丝生长的EC50值介于0.0184~61.5305 mg/L,其中咪鲜胺、四霉素、腈苯唑和咯菌腈4种杀菌剂对菌丝生长的抑制活性较强,其EC50值分别为0.0184、0.0456、0.0531和0.0814 mg/L,均显著小于其他12种杀菌剂的EC50值;16种杀菌剂抑制孢子萌发的EC50值介于0.0084~189.3938 mg/L,其中四霉素和百菌清2种杀菌剂对孢子萌发的抑制活性较强,其EC50值分别为0.0084和0.0378 mg/L,均显著小于其他14种杀菌剂的EC50值。综合之,测定的16种杀菌剂对防治桃褐腐病均有很好的利用价值,其中苯并咪唑类、二甲酰亚胺类和麦角甾醇抑制剂对菌丝生长具有很好的抑制活性;甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂、琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂和多位点保护性杀菌剂对孢子萌发具有很好的抑制活性;农用抗生素类四霉素和申嗪霉素以及吡咯类咯菌腈对菌丝生长和孢子萌发均具有很好的抑制活性。In order to compare the indoor toxicities of sixteen fungicides belonging to eight categories on mycelial growth and spore germination of Monilinia fructicola,and screen out the effective fungicides and discuss the use characteristics of various types of fungicides.The inhibitory activities of 16 fungicides on mycelial growth and spore germination were determined by mycelial growth rate method and spore germination method.Results showed that the EC50 values of 16 fungicides inhibiting mycelial growth ranged from 0.0184 to 61.5305 mg/L.Prochloraz,tetramycin,fenbuconazole and fludioxonil had strong inhibitory activities on mycelial growth,and their EC50 values were 0.0184,0.0456,0.0531 and 0.0814 mg/L,respectively,significantly lower than those of other 12 fungicides.The EC50 values of 16 fungicides inhibiting spore germination ranged from 0.0084 to 189.3938 mg/L.Tetramycin and chlorothalonil had strong inhibitory activities on mycelial growth,and their EC50 values were 0.0084 and 0.0378 mg/L,respectively,significantly lower than those of other 14 fungicides.In sumarry,the 16 fungicides had great value in preventing and controlling peach brown rot.Benzimidazoles,diformimides and ergosterol inhibitors had good inhibitory activities on mycelial growth.Strobilurins,succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors and multiple-site protective fungicides had good inhibitory activities on spore germination.The agricultural antibiotics tetramycin,phenazine-1-carboxylic acid and pyrrole fungicide fludioxonil had good inhibitory activities on mycelial growth and spore germination.

关 键 词：桃褐腐病菌 菌丝生长 孢子萌发 杀菌剂 毒力 抑制活性 

分 类 号：S436.621.13[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]