驾驶行为保险与车险规范重构  

Usage Based Insurance and Reconstitution of Rights and Obligations in Auto Insurance Law

作　　者：韩长印[1] 郑洁文 HAN Changyin;ZHENG Jiewen(Koguan School of Law,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,200030,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学凯原法学院,上海200030

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第5期32-46,共15页Journal of Shanghai Jiao tong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：新冠疫情的暴发致使我国众多车辆被动地进入长达数月的闲置状态,然而车险保费却未能及时作出相应调整,再度反映出我国现行车险费率机制的滞后与僵化。目前,我国车险行业采用的两类车险费率因子(从车因子与从人因子)与车辆实际风险的相关性较弱,不仅导致车险费率与车辆风险之间的对价失衡,影响车险盈利,而且造成车险消费者因疫期停驶、城市限号、网约车拒赔等原因在风险保障与保费负担方面遭遇诸多不公。驾驶行为保险引入驾驶行为因子进行定价有助于解决前述问题,并可以促进车险费率体系趋向公平。但驾驶行为保险的引入需要对相关车险规范作出调整,比如:以保险人直接获取保险标的风险信息替代投保方的如实告知义务,保险人的信息收集行为应当受到严格限制,对复杂的保费厘定方案要尽到说明义务等。The outbreak of COVID-19 has enforced numerous cars in China to passively stay idle for months. However, the auto insurance rate has not been adjusted accordingly, which once again reflects the rigidity of the current auto insurance rate system. The two types of car insurance factors(the vehicle factor and the human factor) that the auto insurance industry employs have a weak correlation with real car risks. This mismatch has not only caused the imbalance between insurance rates and risks, which influences the profitability of the industry, but also has led to customers being treated unfairly in circumstances that include but are not limited to the transportation limitation during the pandemic, plate number restrictions, and online car-hailing. Usage based insurance(UBI) can improve fairness and then help to solve the aforementioned problems through pricing based on driving behavior. However, the introduction of UBI requires adjustments to relevant auto insurance regulations. For example, insurers shall directly seek risk information instead of being informed by the insured, relevant information collection shall be restricted, and insurers shall make clarification on the premium determination scheme.

关 键 词：驾驶行为保险 车险费率 费率厘定 对价平衡原则 

分 类 号：F842.634[经济管理—保险]