移栽密度对马铃薯脱毒试管苗繁育微型薯的影响  

Effect of Transplanting Density on the Breeding of Minitubers from the Virus-free Tube Seedlings of Potato

作　　者：许泳清[1] 许国春 李华伟[1] 纪荣昌[1] 罗文彬[1] 汤浩[1] XU Yong-qing;XU Guo-chun;LI Hua-wei;JI Rong-chang;LUO Wen-bin;TANG Hao(Fujian Institute of Crop Research, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Southern China Potato Observationand Experimental Station, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Fujian Engineering Research Center ofCharacteristic Dry Crop Variety Breeding, Fuzhou, Fujian 350013, China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院作物研究所/农业农村部南方薯类观测实验站/福建省特色旱作物品种选育工程技术研究中心,福建福州350013

出　　处：《福建农业科技》2020年第10期27-31,共5页Fujian Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：福建省科技计划项目——省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2018R1026-4);福建省农业科学院对外合作项目(DEC201821211)。

摘　　要：为探讨马铃薯脱毒试管苗在温室大棚条件下移栽密度对繁育微型薯的影响,确定适宜马铃薯脱毒试管苗的最佳移栽密度,为生产上提供参考依据。以新选育的马铃薯品种闽薯2号、闽薯5号和闽彩薯4号脱毒试管苗为试验材料,设计400、225和100株·m-2等3种不同移栽密度,研究3种不同移栽密度处理下脱毒马铃薯试管苗的生长情况。结果表明:同一品种马铃薯脱毒试管苗在不同移栽密度条件下,其株高、单位面积结薯数、合格薯数以及微型薯产量均随着移栽密度的增加而增加,而茎粗则随着移栽密度的增加而减少。移栽密度400株·m-2为最优,3个马铃薯品种脱毒试管苗在此移栽密度条件下繁育的合格微型薯块茎个数最多。同一移栽密度处理下,不同马铃薯品种的微型薯产量也存在差异;其中,闽薯5号的微型薯产量最高,单位面积合格薯数高达493.3个。This paper aimed to investigate the influence of transplanting density under the conditions of greenhouse on the breeding of minituber from the virus-free tube seedlings of potato,and determine the optimal transplanting density for the virus-free tube seedlings of potato,thus to provide reference for the production.The virus-free tube seedlings of the newly bred potato varieties,namely,Minshu No.2,Minshu No.5 and Mincaishu No.4 were used as the experimental materials,and three kinds of different transplanting densities,namely,400,225 and 100 plants per square meter,were designed to study the growth of the virus-free tube seedlings of potato under the three treatments of different transplanting density.The results showed that under the treatments of different transplanting density,the plant height,the number of potatoes per unit area,the number of qualified potatoes and the yield of minituber of the virus-free tube seedlings of the same potato variety all increased with the increase of the transplanting density,while the stem diameter decreased with the increase of the transplanting density.The growth indexes were the best when the transplanting density was 400 plants per square meter,and the tuber number of the qualified minitubers bred from the virus-free tube seedlings of the three potato varieties under the transplanting density was the highest.Under the treatment of the same transplanting density,there were difference among the minituber yield of different potato varieties,among which Minshu No.5 had the highest yield of minituber,with the number of qualified potatoes reaching 493.3 per unit area.

关 键 词：密度 马铃薯 脱毒试管苗 微型薯 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]