三峡库区万州段消落带居民饮用水水质监测结果分析  

Analysis of Monitoring Data of Drinking Water Quality of Urban Residents of Wanzhou in the Hinterland of the Three Gorges Reservoir

作　　者：罗华[1] 黄祥强 赵怡楠[2] 向辉 王丹[4] 罗超[1] 贺良 LUO Hua;HUANG Xiang-qiang;ZHAO Yi-nan(Wanzhou Center for Disease Contral and Prevention,Chongqing,404000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]重庆市万州区疾病预防控制中心,重庆404000 [2]重庆市疾病预防控制中心,重庆404000 [3]重庆医科大学公共卫生与管理学院,重庆400016 [4]重庆三峡医药高等专科学校,重庆404120

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2020年第12期76-79,共4页Chinese Primary Health Care

基　　金：国务院项目(5001012015BB23001)。

摘　　要：目的了解三峡库区万州段消落带居民饮用水水质情况,为保护人群健康和饮水安全提供技术支持。方法于2013—2015年(一期)与2017—2020年(二期)2月(枯水期)、5月(平水期)和8月(丰水期)对三峡库区万州段消落带11家水厂517份水样监测结果进行评价,分析消落带居民饮用水不安全因素。结果监测水样合格率为47.78%。一期水样合格率为42.27%,二期水样合格率为51.85%,两者差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.65,P<0.05)。水源水、出厂水和末梢水样合格率分别为35.35%、54.55%和57.03%,3种水样前5位不合格指标分别为:(1)总氮、粪大肠菌群、总磷、铁和硫酸盐;(2)游离余氯、总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群、三氯甲烷和铝;(3)铝、总大肠菌群、三氯甲烷、耐热大肠菌群和游离余氯。结论三峡库区万州段消落带居民饮用水水质合格率低,水厂水源水近4层富营养化且存在粪便、铁和硫酸盐等污染,相当一部分出厂水与末梢水游离余氯、总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群、三氯甲烷和铝等不合格,饮水安全存在隐患。OBJECTIVE To evaluate the drinking water quality of residents in Wanzhou section of the Three Gorges Reservoir area,and to provide technical support for the protection of human health and safety of drinking water.METHODS In February(low water period),May(normal water period)and August(high water period)of 2013—2015(phase I)and 2017—2020(phase II),it evaluated the results of 517 water samples monitored from 11 water plants in Wanzhou Section of the Three Gorges Reservoir area,and analyzed the unsafe drinking water factors of residents in the area.RESULTS The qualified rate of water sample was 47.78%.The qualified rate of phase I and phase II samples were 42.27%and 51.85%respectively,with statistically significant difference(χ2=4.65,P<0.05).The qualified rate of source water,factory water and terminal water samples were 35.35%,54.55%and 57.03%respectively.The top 5 unqualified indexes of the three water samples were(1)total nitrogen,fecal coliform group,total phosphorus,iron and sulfate;(2)Free residual chlorine,total coliform,heat-resistant coliform,trichloromethane and aluminum;(3)Aluminum,total coliform,trichloromethane,heat-resistant coliform and free residual chlorine.CONCLUSION The drinking water quality qualified rate in Wanzhou section of the Three Gorges Reservoir area was low.There were the pollution of iron,sulfate,excrement,and nearly four-layer eutrophication in source water.The indexes such as free residual chlorine,total coliforms,heat-resistant coliform bacteria,chloroform,aluminum were unqualified of several off-work water and pipe water.There were hidden dangers in drinking water safety in this area.

关 键 词：三峡库区 消落带 居民饮水 水质监测 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]