中药挥发油抗肿瘤作用机制及其研究进展  

Anti-tumor Mechanism and Development of Volatile Oil of Traditional Chinese Medicine

作　　者：汪镇朝 张海燕[1] 宋远斌 邓锦松 刘英孟 崔阳 樊爱国 杨明[1,2] WANG Zhen-chao;ZHANG Hai-yan;SONG Yuan-bin;DENG Jin-song;LIU Ying-meng;CUI Yang;FAN Ai-guo;YANG Ming(Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM),Nanchang 330004,China;Chengdu University of TCM,Chengdu 610075,China)

机构地区：[1]江西中医药大学,南昌330004 [2]成都中医药大学,成都610075

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2020年第24期219-226,共8页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：江西省重大科技研发专项(20194ABC28009);江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(GJJ180638);江西中医药大学现代中药制剂教育部重点实验室开放基金项目(11317024);江西中医药大学省一流学科建设项目(5251800303,5251800347)。

摘　　要：中药挥发油(volatile oil of traditional Chinese medicine,VOTCM)是通过蒸馏或超临界流体萃取等方法获得的植物挥发性成分。挥发油含有丰富的萜类与苯丙素类成分,具有多种不同的作用。其不仅在健康产品中应用广泛,同时具有多种药理作用如镇痛、抗氧化、抗菌、抗炎、抗肿瘤等。恶性肿瘤是一种发病率逐年增高威胁人类健康的重要因素。当前临床上常用于治疗肿瘤的药物价格昂贵且具有一定的毒副作用,虽然新的治疗技术也在一步步推进,但是与传统化疗相比除了治疗成本高外,长期疗效还有待于进一步确认。中药挥发油在对癌症方面的作用越来越受到关注,其中对肺、肝、结肠和胃癌等有着显着的抑制作用,其不仅可减轻化疗药物带来的副作用,而且能有效延长或阻止肿瘤的复发,具有治疗及辅助治疗的特殊作用。同时已经发现多种挥发油抗肿瘤的机制,如诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,抑制肿瘤血管形成,抑制肿瘤细胞增殖,诱导肿瘤细胞分化,干扰多药耐药性,调节机体免疫功能等。但目前中药挥发油基础研究、成果转化、产品开发等方面依然存在一些问题,制约了其临床及生活应用。该文通过查阅国内外相关文献,对中药挥发油抗肿瘤机制进行概述,分析挥发油的现状,对其问题及发展提出改进方向,期望为中药挥发油在抗肿瘤等研究方向奠定基础。Volatile oil of traditional Chinese medicine(VOTCM)is a plant volatile component obtained through distillation or supercritical fluid extraction.The volatile oil is rich in terpenes and phenylpropanoids,with many different effect.It is not only widely used in healthcare products,but also has a variety of pharmacological effect,such as analgesia,antioxidant,antibacterial,anti-inflammatory,anti-tumor effect.Malignant tumor is an important threat to human health.At present,the drugs commonly used in clinical treatment of tumors are expensive with certain toxic and side effect.Although new treatment technologies are also being promoted step by step,they have higher treatment costs than traditional chemotherapies,and the longterm efficacy remained to be further confirmed.The effect of volatile oil of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)on cancer is receiving more and more attention.In particular,it has a significant inhibitory effect on lung,liver,colon,and stomach cancer.Specifically,it can not only reduce the side effect of chemotherapy drugs,but also effectively prolong or stop the tumor recurrence,with special effects in treatment and adjuvant treatment.At the same time,various anti-tumor mechanisms of volatile oils have been discovered,such as inducing tumor cell apoptosis,inhibiting tumor blood vessel formation,inhibiting tumor cell proliferation,inducing tumor cell differentiation,interfering with multidrug resistance,and regulating the body’s immune function.However,there are still some problems in the basic research,achievement transformation,and product development of volatile oil of TCM,which restricts its clinical and daily application.This paper summarizes the antitumor mechanism of volatile oil of TCM by consulting relevant domestic and foreign literatures,analyzes the current situation of volatile oils,and proposes improvement directions for its problems and development,in the expectation of laying the foundation for the research of volatile oil of TCM in anti-tumor research.

关 键 词：中药 挥发油 抗肿瘤 机制 发展 

分 类 号：R22[医药卫生—中医基础理论] R242[医药卫生—中医学]