上皮细胞在鼻息肉形成和发展中的作用  

The role of epithelial cells in the formation and development of nasal polyps

作　　者：陈卓 刘江怡 陈杰 毛弈友 廖敏 李双 杨玉成(审校) CHEN Zhuo;LIU Jiangyi;CHEN Jie

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属第一医院耳鼻咽喉科,重庆医科大学第一临床学院,重庆400016

出　　处：《临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》2020年第11期1053-1056,共4页Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head And Neck Surgery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No:81970864);重庆市中青年医学高端人才工作室项目[No:渝卫人(2018)2号];重庆医科大学附属第一医院学术带头人储备人才基金项目[2019];重庆市卫计委重点项目(No:2015HBRC004);重庆市卫计委中医药项目(No:ZY201702070);重庆市科委重点项目(No:cstc2015jcyjBX0047)。

摘　　要：鼻-鼻窦上皮是将鼻腔、鼻窦和外部环境隔开,抵御外来刺激的复杂天然生物屏障,也是鼻腔鼻窦内稳态得以维持的关键。鼻-鼻窦上皮长期持续暴露于外部环境中,固有免疫反应成为宿主第一道防御反应。目前认为上皮不只是一个"靶器官",同时也是一个"效应器",是一个对炎症应答反应的中枢性调节者。上皮细胞层受刺激后不仅可导致组织重塑、黏膜纤毛清除率改变、离子通道异常和凋亡失衡等,也可在应答各种内外源性刺激时,产生一系列生物活性物质。[1]鼻息肉作为慢性鼻窦炎的一个亚型,临床上容易复发,且严重影响患者的生活质量,但其发病机制不清,被认为是多种因素综合作用下鼻-鼻窦黏膜的慢性炎症。近年来,上皮细胞在鼻息肉的形成和发展中的作用越来越受到重视,本文就其具体作用的研究进展综述如下。Nasal polyps,as a subtype of chronic sinusitis,is prone to clinical recurrence and seriously affects the quality of life of patients,but its pathogenesis is unclear.It is considered to be a chronic inflammation of the nasal-sinus mucosa under the combined action of multiple factors.Among them,nasal mucosal epithelial injury and shedding are the main pathological features.Nasal-sinus epithelial separated nasal sinuses with the outside world,is the complex natural biological barrier to resist external stimuli and the key to maintaining homeostasis in the nasal sinuses.At present,the epithelium is considered not only as a"target organ"but also as an"effector"and a central regulator of the inflammatory response.This paper reviews the role of epithelial cells in the formation and development of nasal polyps,including the epithelial cell layer were stimulated not only leads to tissue remodeling,changes in mucociliary clearance,abnormal ion channels,and proliferation and apoptosis imbalance,but also produce a series of bioactive substances in response to various internal and external stimuli.Therefore,maintaining the integrity of the structure and function of airway mucosal epithelial cells may be a new approach for clinical prevention and treatment of nasal polyps.

关 键 词：鼻息肉 上皮细胞 靶器官 效应器 

分 类 号：R765.25[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]