低蛋白日粮对猪生长性能、胴体品质及血浆氨基酸的影响  

Effects of Low Protein Diets on Growth Performance,Carcass Quality and Plasma Amino Acids in Pigs

作　　者：段佳琪 丁鹏[1] 吴士博 肖健 麻龙腾 王丽芬 陈宇光[1] 宋泽和 贺喜[1] DUAN Jiaqi;DING Peng;WU Shibo;XIAO Jian;MA Longteng;WANG Lifen;CHEN Yuguang;SONG Zehe;HE Xi(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Poultry Production Safety,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety,Hunan Agricultural University,Hunan Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院,湖南家禽安全生产工程技术研究中心,湖南畜禽安全生产协同创新中心,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2020年第12期99-103,共5页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金青年基金项目(2019JJ50255);湖南农业大学“双一流”建设项目(SYL201802015、SYL201802009)。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究低蛋白质(CP)水平并平衡4种必需氨基酸的日粮对育肥猪生长性能、胴体肉品质和血浆游离氨基酸的影响。试验选用体重为70 kg左右的杜×长×大三元杂交健康育肥猪30头,随机分3组,每组10个重复,每重复1头猪。试验分为育肥前期(1~24 d)和育肥后期(25~52 d)2个阶段,对照组2个阶段CP水平均为16%,在育肥前期2个试验组CP水平分别为14.0%和12.0%,育肥后期2个试验组CP水平分别为12.0%和10.0%。结果表明:与对照组相比,育肥前期低蛋白试验组猪的生长性能无显著差异,CP水平为12%增重成本最低(6.62元/kg);在育肥后期,CP水平为10%、12%猪日增重较对照组显著降低、耗料增重比显著升高,CP水平为10%增重成本最低(7.52元/kg);饲喂低蛋白日粮对猪胴体肉品质无显著影响;CP水平为12%育肥猪血浆游离氨基酸中组氨酸、缬氨酸和异亮氨酸较对照组显著降低,其余各组间无显著差异。综上所述,日粮蛋白质水平降低至14%和12%对育肥猪生长性能和胴体品质无显著影响,能有效降低饲料成本。The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of a low protein diet with a balance of four essential amino acids on pig growth performance,carcass quality,and plasma free amino acids.Thirty Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire(DLY)ternary healthy growing pigs weighing about 70 kg were selected for the test.They were randomly divided into 3 groups with 10 replicates in each group and 1 pig in each replicate.The test was divided into two stages of growth(1 to 24 d)and fattening(25 to 52 d).The crude protein(CP)level of control group in two stages was 16%,and the CP level of two test groups in growth stage was 14.0% and 12.0%,CP level in two experimental groups in fattening stage was 12.0% and 10.0%,respectively.The results showed that compared with control group,pig performance in low-protein test group at growth stage was not significantly different,CP level was 12%,weight loss cost was the lowest(6.62 yuan/kg),CP level was 10% in fattening stage,and CP level was 12.The daily weight gain of pigs is significantly reduced,and the weight-toweight ratio is significantly increased.The cost of weight gain when CP level 10% is the lowest(7.52 yuan/kg).Feeding a low protein diet has no significant effect on carcass meat quality.Histidine,valine,and isoleucine in plasma in growing pigs of 12% group were significantly lower than those in control group,and there was no significant difference between other groups.In summary,the reduction of dietary protein levels to 14% and 12% has no significant effect on pig growth performance and carcass quality,which can effectively reduce feed costs.

关 键 词：低蛋白日粮 育肥猪 生长性能 胴体品质 血浆氨基酸 

分 类 号：S828.5[农业科学—畜牧学]