文化分裂与秩序失落:《好兵》对英国乡绅文化的反思  

Cultural Disintegration and the Loss of Order:A Reflection on the Culture of English Country Gentleman in The Good Soldier

作　　者：管南异[1] Guan Nanyi

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学外国语学院

出　　处：《英美文学研究论丛》2020年第2期40-51,共12页English and American Literary Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“英国维多利亚晚期小说中的语言危机意识研究”(19BWW057)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：乡绅阶级曾长期统治着英国社会,但进入20世纪之后,这个阶级及其绅士理想便迅速衰落了。福特的小说《好兵》展示了这一历史过程,并作了复杂的思考。借助艾略特的文化理论进行分析可见,小说展示的乡绅衰落不仅有现代化进程的外部原因,更有着其内在原因:由于文化的分裂,乡绅的传统责任感无法得到知识和思想的支持,他们面对历史剧变束手无策;知识与思想则因为抛弃了责任传统而变得轻佻虚伪,造成对乡绅的文化自信的致命打击。Country gentlemen had ruled England for centuries,but the beginning of the 20th Century saw their quick decline,together with their ideal that emphasized duty.This historical process is depicted and considered sophisticatedly in Ford Madox Ford's The Good Soldier.Employing T.S.Eliot’s cultural theory,this essay sees that the decline was caused not only by the world’s modernization,but also by English gentry’s inherent tradition of anti-intellectualism.With cultural disintegration,the country gentlemen’s duty-ridden life style was no longer supported by modern knowledge and thoughts,leaving them desperately confused facing great historical changes,while modern knowledge and thought,having abandoned the traditional sense of duty,became shallow and hypocritical,contributing to the fatal destruction of the country gentlemen’s cultural confidence.

关 键 词：福特•马多克斯•福特 《好兵》 乡绅 文化分裂 文化自信 

分 类 号：I561.074[文学—其他各国文学]