近江牡蛎和长牡蛎的配子兼容性及合子育性  

Analysis of gamete compatibility and zygote fertility between Crassostrea ariakensis and Crassostrea gigas

作　　者：李海昆 于瑞海[1] 刘洋 李春华 王永旺 马培振[1,2] 李琪[1] LI Haikun;YU Ruihai;LIU Yang;LI Chunhua;WANG Yongwang;MA Peizhen;LI Qi(Key Laboratory of Mariculture,Ministry of Education,Fisheries College,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Science,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院,海水养殖教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266003 [2]中国科学院海洋研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《水产学报》2020年第12期1997-2006,共10页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31172403);山东省重点研发项目(2017GHY15124)。

摘　　要：为了评估长牡蛎(GG)和近江牡蛎(AA)的配子兼容性和合子育性,本实验探究了盐度(16、20、24、28和32)、温度(18、21、24、27和30°C)和精子浓度(100、101、102、103和104个/μL)对受精率、胚胎畸形率和孵化率的影响。结果显示,随盐度的增加,GG组的受精率和孵化率逐渐上升,而AA组和AG组的受精率和孵化率先上升后下降;GA组和AG组分别在盐度28和24时具有较优的配子兼容性和合子育性,受精率、畸形率、孵化率分别为7.45%±5.05%、2.00%±0.90%、63.60%±9.88%和14.26%±9.26%、1.74%±0.93%、66.16%±9.43%。随温度上升,AA、GA和GG组的受精率和孵化率先升高后下降,而畸形率先下降后上升;GA组和AG组均在27°C时表现出较优的配子兼容性和合子育性,此时GA组和AG组的受精率、畸形率、孵化率分别为7.95%±4.04%、1.79%±1.04%、57.11%±9.95%和14.70%±7.27%、1.66%±0.85%、67.25%±15.19%。随精子浓度的增加,GG组的受精率逐渐上升,孵化率逐渐下降,GA组和AG组的受精率逐渐上升;GA组和AG组均在104个/μL时表现出较优的配子兼容性和合子育性,此时二者的受精率、畸形率、孵化率分别为9.09%±7.53%、1.59%±0.48%、67.97%±19.96%和14.30%±6.04%、1.06%±0.68%、67.33%±12.65%。研究表明,温度、盐度和精子浓度对长牡蛎和近江牡蛎种间配子兼容性影响较小,但对合子育性影响较大。This study evaluated the gametic compatibility and zygotic fertility of Crassostrea ariakensis and C.gigas.The fertilization rate,deformity rate and hatching rate at different temperatures(18,21,24,27,and 30°C),different salinities(16,20,24,28,and 32)and different sperm concentrations(100,101,102,103 and 104 ind./μL)were compared.The results showed that symmetric fertilization was possible between C.gigas and C.ariakensis,and the zygote could successfully hatch.With the increase of salinity,the fertilization rate and hatcing rate of GG rose,while that of AA and AG rose first and then decreased.GA and AG had better gamete compatibility and zygotic fertility at salinity 28 and 24,in this case,the fertilization rate,deformity rate and hatching rate were7.45%±5.05%,2.00%±0.90%,63.60%±9.88%and 14.26%±9.26%,1.74%±0.93%,66.16%±9.43%,respectively.With the increase of temperature,the fertilization rate and hatching rate of AA,GA and GG rose first and then decreased.The fertilization rate,deformity rate and incubation rate of GA and AG at temperature of 27°C were severally 7.95%±4.04%,1.79%±1.04%,57.11%±9.95%and 14.70%±7.27%,1.66%±0.85%,67.25%±15.19%.With the increase of sperm concentration,the fertilization rate of GG gradually rose and the hatching rate mainly decreased,while the fertilization rate of GA and AG groups gradually increased.The fertilization rate,deformity rate and hatching rate of GA and AG at sperm concentration of 104 ind./μL were severally 9.09%±7.53%,1.59%±0.48%,67.97%±19.96%and 14.30%±6.04%,1.06%±0.68%,67.33%±12.65%.This study indicate that temperature,salinity and sperm concentration had minor effect on gamete compatibility between C.gigas and C.ariakensis,but had conspicuous effect on zygotic fertility.

关 键 词：近江牡蛎 长牡蛎 配子兼容性 合子育性 

分 类 号：Q321[生物学—遗传学] S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]