华人形象与华人文化的媒介镜像——基于美国电视剧《初来乍到》的接受话语考察  

The Media Image of Overseas Chinese and Chinese Culture:A Discourse Analysis of the Reading Practices of the US TV Series Fresh Off the Boat

作　　者：杨嘉博[1] 田浩 常江 Yang Jiabo;Tian Hao;Chang Jiang(Jilin University;Tsinghua University;Shenzhen University)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学文学院,吉林长春130021 [2]清华大学新闻与传播学院,北京100084 [3]深圳大学传播学院,广东深圳518060

出　　处：《新闻与传播评论》2021年第1期118-128,共11页Journalism & Communication Review

基　　金：广东省教育厅普通高校创新团队项目(2020WCXTD019)。

摘　　要：华人形象与华人文化在欧美主流媒介中的呈现方式凸显了中外文化交流过程中的有效性问题,即中西跨文化交流机制中存在何种“可传播性”与“可接受性”的问题。华人形象在欧美文化史上是华人文化的重要载体,从这一载体的变迁过程出发,学者们能够准确理解欧美主流社会对华人文化的接受机制。美国主流电视剧《初来乍到》为我们理解当代美国社会接受华人文化与华人形象提供了契机。研究主要使用后殖民主义理论家霍米·巴巴的第三空间理论,通过对描述华人生活的美国主流电视剧《初来乍到》的观众评论进行话语分析,探讨华人形象与华人文化在西方语境下被建构和解读的机制。研究对美国观众解读华人形象与华人文化的四种主要话语构型进行归纳,并对其中所蕴含的综合性的接受逻辑链条进行剖析。研究主张摒弃传统的“自我—他者”的二元分析框架,围绕具有当代特色的“第三空间”建立流动性和语境化的跨文化传播策略。研究同时揭示了全球文化在可预见的将来的一种必然的发展趋势,即“文化融合”的理念将不断让位于“文化混杂”,跨文化传播的实践者可以通过对“第三空间”的相对独立性的维护来化解文化冲突。The presentation of the media image of overseas Chinese and Chinese culture in mainstream Western media highlights the key issues in the process of Chinese and Western intercultural communication,namely,"transmissibility"and"acceptability".The media image of overseas Chinese people is an important sample for Western audiences to understand Chinese culture.Therefore,scholars can accurately understand the acceptance mechanism of Chinese culture in mainstream Western society by analyzing the changes of the media image of overseas Chinese people.The American mainstream TV series Fresh Off the Boat provides an opportunity for us to understand the acceptance of contemporary Western society for Chinese culture.This article uses the third space theory of post-colonial theorist Homi Bhabha,and the method of discourse analysis to study the audience comments of the mainstream US TV series Fresh Off the Boat,aiming to explore the image of Overseas Chinese and Chinese culture in Western media contexts.This article summarizes the discursive formations of show's audiences'interpretation of Chinese image and Chinese culture,proposes to abandon the old-fashion binary analytical framework,and establishes a liquid and contextualized approach about the concept of"third space"for intercultural communication strategies.The research also reveals an inevitable development trend of global culture in the foreseeable future,that is,the concept of"cultural fusion"will continue to give way to"cultural hybridity,"and practitioners of intercultural communication should deal with cultural conflicts through maintaining the relative independence of the third space.

关 键 词：华人形象 华人文化 第三空间 《初来乍到》 跨文化传播 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]